Writeup Exploits
62,143 exploits tracked across all sources.
Relyra SAML SignatureValue not cryptographically verified -> authentication bypass
Relyra is a strict-by-default SAML 2.0 Service Provider library for Elixir and Phoenix. Versions 1.0.0 and 1.1.0 accept forged SAML signatures because SignatureValue was not cryptographically verified before the library returned a successful authentication result. The XMLDSig trust boundary was incomplete as :public_key.verify over the exclusive-C14N canonicalized SignedInfo was not performed against the configured IdP certificate's public key, DigestValue was not recomputed over the canonicalized referenced element, and canonicalize/2 remained an unused passthrough in the signature-verification path. The result was a structure-only acceptance path where document shape and trust-source rejection could succeed without proving the signature bytes. A forged SignatureValue carrying an attacker-controlled NameID could be accepted as {:ok}. This issue has been fixed in version 1.2.0.
CVSS 9.1
pgAdmin 4: SQL injection in COMMENT ON ... IS '<description>' rendering across dialog templates
SQL injection in pgAdmin 4 across every dialog template that renders ``COMMENT ON ... IS '<description>'`` for a user-supplied description field. The Jinja templates for Domains (and their constraints), Foreign Tables, Languages, and Event Triggers, plus the Views OID-lookup query, interpolated the description directly inside a single-quoted SQL literal -- ``'{{ data.description }}'`` -- instead of passing it through the ``qtLiteral`` escape filter. An authenticated pgAdmin user with permission to create or alter the affected object types could submit a description containing an apostrophe, break out of the literal and chain arbitrary SQL. The injected SQL runs under the PostgreSQL role the user is already authenticated as; for a connected role with ``COPY ... TO/FROM PROGRAM`` (typically PostgreSQL superuser), this chains to OS command execution on the PostgreSQL host. The defect does not cross a privilege boundary -- the user already has direct SQL access to that role through pgAdmin's Query Tool -- so the attacker gains no capability beyond what their database role already grants. The marginal impact captures bypass of any application-layer Query Tool gating an operator may have configured.
The defect was originally reported against the Domain Dialog ``description`` field; a code-wide audit identified sixteen sites of the same pattern across the templates listed above. The same review also surfaced ten related sinks in the pgstattuple/pgstatindex stats templates -- ``pgstattuple('{{schema}}.{{table}}')`` and the matching pgstatindex shape -- where ``qtIdent`` escapes embedded double quotes inside the identifier but not apostrophes, so a user with CREATE privilege on a schema could plant a table or index named ``foo'bar`` and a later stats viewer would render an unbalanced literal.
Fix is layered:
1. Sites: replace every ``'{{ x.description }}'`` with ``{{ x.description|qtLiteral(conn) }}`` (no surrounding quotes -- the filter wraps the value in escaped quotes itself). Plumb ``conn=self.conn`` through every ``render_template`` call that loads one of these templates. Also corrects a ``{ % elif`` Jinja typo in the foreign-table schema diff (dead branch). Rewrite the ten pgstattuple/pgstatindex stats sites to address the relation via OID + ``::oid::regclass`` cast (e.g. ``pgstattuple({{ tid }}::oid::regclass)``), eliminating the embedded literal-call form entirely so that bug-class can no longer recur there.
2. Driver hardening: ``qtLiteral`` (in ``utils/driver/psycopg3/__init__.py``) used to silently return the raw unescaped value when its ``conn`` argument was falsy. It now raises ``ValueError`` -- surfacing the entire bug class going forward. The change immediately uncovered eight latent plumbing bugs (in ``schemas/__init__.py``, ``schemas/functions/__init__.py``, ``schemas/tables/utils.py``, ``foreign_servers/__init__.py``, and seven sites in ``roles/__init__.py``) -- all fixed as part of this patch. The inner ``except`` block that swallowed adapter-level failures and returned the raw value is also removed, so unadaptable inputs raise instead of leaking unescaped values.
3. Regression tests: a per-template behavioural test renders each previously-vulnerable template with an apostrophe-injection payload and asserts the escaped fragment is present and the vulnerable fragment absent; a lint test walks every ``*.sql`` template flagging any ``'{{ ... }}'`` single-quote-wrapped interpolation against an explicit allowlist; unit tests cover the new qtLiteral fail-fast and inner-except raise paths.
This issue affects pgAdmin 4: from 1.0 before 9.16.
CVSS 8.8
pgAdmin 4: AI Assistant read-only transaction bypass allows unauthorised writes and remote code execution
Read-only transaction bypass in the pgAdmin 4 AI Assistant allows an attacker who can influence database content that the assistant reads to execute arbitrary SQL with the privileges of the pgAdmin user's database role.
The AI Assistant's execute_sql_query tool runs LLM-generated SQL inside a BEGIN TRANSACTION READ ONLY wrapper to prevent data modification. The LLM-supplied query was forwarded to the database driver without restriction to a single statement or to read-only verbs, so a multi-statement payload beginning with COMMIT, END, ROLLBACK, or ABORT terminated the read-only transaction and ran subsequent statements in autocommit mode. The trailing ROLLBACK then had no effect.
Delivery is via prompt injection: an attacker who can write content into any object the AI Assistant may inspect (a row, a column value, a comment) can cause the LLM to emit the multi-statement payload as a tool call. With ordinary write privileges on the pgAdmin user's role the attacker can perform unauthorised data modification. When the pgAdmin user's role is a PostgreSQL superuser or holds pg_execute_server_program, the chain extends to remote code execution on the database server host via COPY ... TO PROGRAM.
Fix validates the LLM-supplied query up front: it must parse to exactly one non-empty / non-comment statement whose leading real token (after stripping whitespace, comments, and punctuation) is one of SELECT, WITH, EXPLAIN, SHOW, VALUES, or TABLE. Transaction-control verbs, DML, DDL, CALL, COPY, DO, SET/RESET, and everything else are rejected before any database work happens. PostgreSQL's READ ONLY mode continues to backstop data-modifying CTEs, EXPLAIN ANALYZE on writes, and volatile side effects.
This issue affects pgAdmin 4: from 9.13 before 9.16.
CVSS 9.0
pgAdmin 4: Unauthenticated pickle deserialization in SQL Editor close / update_connection routes enables remote code execution
Two state-mutating endpoints in pgAdmin 4's SQL Editor blueprint -- DELETE /sqleditor/close/<trans_id> and POST /sqleditor/initialize/sqleditor/update_connection/<sgid>/<sid>/<did> -- were the only routes in the module missing the @pga_login_required decorator. Both reach a pickle.loads sink on session['gridData'][<trans_id>]['command_obj']: the close endpoint via close_sqleditor_session(), and update_sqleditor_connection via check_transaction_status(). In server mode these endpoints were reachable without any authenticated pgAdmin session.
The defect is a missing-authentication-on-critical-function (CWE-306) wrapper around a deserialization-of-untrusted-data sink (CWE-502). Exploiting it for remote code execution requires the attacker to also forge a server-side session file whose gridData entry contains a malicious pickle payload, which in turn requires both (a) knowledge of pgAdmin's Flask SECRET_KEY (no chain to leak it is described here -- the attacker must already possess it) and (b) write access to pgAdmin's sessions/ directory on the host. Neither precondition is granted by this defect on its own. When those preconditions are met from another channel (misconfigured deployment, prior compromise, leaked configuration), the missing auth gate is the final hop that turns an existing partial compromise into unauthenticated code execution in the pgAdmin process -- and, by extension, on the host under whatever account runs pgAdmin.
Fix is a one-line @pga_login_required decorator on each of the two endpoints, matching the convention used by every other route in the module. The is_authenticated / MFA chain now runs before the trans_id is dereferenced, so an unauthenticated request is rejected before reaching the deserialization path.
The defect is server-mode only. In DESKTOP mode pgAdmin's before_request hook re-authenticates DESKTOP_USER on every request, so no endpoint can be exercised in an unauthenticated state and no auth decorator (or its absence) is meaningful. The accompanying regression test mirrors the attacker's path -- harvests an X-pgA-CSRFToken from GET /login and replays it against both endpoints -- and self-skips outside server mode for that reason; it is wired into the existing server-mode CI workflow alongside the data-isolation tests.
This issue affects pgAdmin 4: from 6.9 before 9.16.
CVSS 9.0
pgAdmin 4: HTML injection in cloud verify_credentials / deploy endpoints via unsanitised SDK exception text
HTML injection in pgAdmin 4's cloud deployment module. The verify_credentials, deploy, regions, and update-server endpoints under /rds/, /azure/, /google/, and the top-level /cloud/ blueprint propagated AWS / Azure / Google SDK exception text — and the related file-resolution and database-commit exception text — into the JSON response body (the info and errormsg fields) without HTML-encoding. The Cloud Wizard frontend rendered these strings through html-react-parser, so an attacker-influenced exception message embedded structural HTML directly into the wizard's DOM.
The reported entry point is /rds/verify_credentials/. An authenticated pgAdmin user submits a crafted access_key whose value contains an <iframe/src=...> payload; AWS STS rejects the credential with an IncompleteSignature exception whose text quotes the access_key verbatim; the pgAdmin backend forwards that text into the JSON info field; the Cloud Wizard's FormFooterMessage parses it as HTML. The browser fetches the iframe's src from an attacker-controlled host, and JavaScript executing inside the cross-origin iframe writes to parent.location, redirecting the victim's pgAdmin tab. Because the injection renders inside pgAdmin's own interface, X-Frame-Options and Content-Security-Policy frame-ancestors do not mitigate it. Baseline impact is self-targeted (the same user who supplied the payload sees the injection); escalation against other authenticated users requires an additional cross-site request-forgery primitive capable of submitting the malformed credential request with a valid X-pgA-CSRFToken in the victim's browser context.
The same unsanitised-error-into-JSON pattern was present across multiple sibling endpoints — Azure's check_cluster_name_availability, every Google endpoint that surfaces SDK errors (verification_ack, projects, regions, instance_types, database_versions, the verify_credentials path-resolution branches), the central /deploy endpoint that bubbles str(e) from deploy_on_rds / deploy_on_azure / deploy_on_google, and update_cloud_server which surfaces the str(e) from a failing db.session.commit — all of which are now covered.
Fix HTML-escapes every external/SDK exception string at the endpoint sink via a new shared sanitize_external_text helper (HTML escape with control-character strip), promoted out of the psycopg3 driver into web/pgadmin/utils/text_sanitize.py. The Cloud Wizard frontend additionally renders its FormFooterMessage in plain-text mode for backend-derived strings, so the value is never parsed as HTML even if a future sink forgets the escape.
This issue affects pgAdmin 4: from 6.6 before 9.16.
CVSS 3.5
pgAdmin 4: Stored XSS via untrusted error and plan-node text rendered through html-react-parser
Stored cross-site scripting in pgAdmin 4's error-rendering and plan-node-rendering paths. Text returned by a PostgreSQL server (ErrorResponse messages, including object names quoted back inside relation-does-not-exist errors and inside EXPLAIN Recheck Cond / Exact Heap Blocks fields) was passed verbatim through html-react-parser at every user-facing sink — the notifier toasts, FormFooterMessage / FormInput help and error areas, FormNote, ModalProvider AlertContent and confirmDelete, ToolErrorView, the Explain visualiser's NodeText panel, the SQL editor confirm dialogs, ConfirmSaveContent, PreferencesHelper modal alerts, and SelectThemes helper text. A PostgreSQL server an attacker controls — or any server returning attacker-influenced text such as a table or column name a low-privilege database user can create — could inject arbitrary HTML (including <iframe>) into the pgAdmin DOM the moment the victim's pgAdmin connected to that server or viewed an Explain plan that referenced the crafted object.
The injected iframe's srcdoc could fetch attacker-served JavaScript and, by writing to parent.location, redirect the victim's top-level pgAdmin browser tab to an attacker-controlled URL. Because the injection originates from inside pgAdmin's own interface, standard anti-clickjacking controls (X-Frame-Options, Content-Security-Policy: frame-ancestors) do not mitigate it. A phishing page rendered inside the legitimate pgAdmin window is indistinguishable from a genuine pgAdmin dialog.
Fix combines three complementary layers. (1) DOMPurify sanitisation is wrapped around every html-react-parser call site reachable from notifier, alert, form-error, Explain, and SQL-editor flows. (2) A new plain-text rendering contract — SafeMessage / SafeHtmlMessage components plus Notifier.errorText / alertText / warningText / infoText / successText helpers — is introduced; around fifty callers across browser, tools, dashboard, debugger, misc, llm, preferences, schema diff, and the SQL editor that previously interpolated backend-derived strings are migrated to the plain-text variants. (3) Backend HTML-escape is applied at the post-connection-SQL handler (execute_post_connection_sql) via a new sanitize_external_text helper, so third-party JSON consumers (audit logs, API clients) never receive raw markup either; the Explain plan-info renderer is also patched to _.escape Recheck Cond and Exact Heap Blocks at construction (matching every sibling field), giving defence in depth even before DOMPurify runs.
This issue affects pgAdmin 4: from 6.0 before 9.16.
CVSS 9.3
pgAdmin 4: Open redirect in multi-factor authentication flow via unvalidated 'next' parameter
Open redirect in pgAdmin 4's multi-factor authentication flow. The MFA validate and register endpoints honoured the user-supplied 'next' query/form parameter without confirming the target pointed back inside pgAdmin, so an authenticated victim who clicked /mfa/validate?next=<external> -- a link typically delivered by phishing -- would be sent to an attacker-controlled host directly out of the trusted auth flow.
The defect is a trusted-domain redirect, not a privilege bypass: the attacker gains no read/write access to pgAdmin or the victim's database, but the redirect launders the attacker's destination through pgAdmin's URL, which raises the success rate of credential-phishing follow-on against the victim.
Fix introduces a same-origin _is_safe_redirect_url helper and gates every MFA redirect that consumes user-supplied 'next' values through it. The helper allows only relative paths and absolute URLs whose scheme is http(s) and whose host matches the current request host; it rejects external hosts in absolute and protocol-relative form, non-http schemes (javascript:, data:, mailto:), userinfo tricks (http://localhost@attacker/), and backslash variants that some browsers normalize to forward slashes. Unsafe targets fall back to the internal browser index. A dedicated regression test exercises each accept/reject category and the original reporter PoC.
This issue affects pgAdmin 4: from 6.0 before 9.16.
CVSS 4.3
pgAdmin 4: SQL injection in named restore point endpoint
SQL injection in pgAdmin 4's named restore point endpoint (POST /browser/server/restore_point/{gid}/{sid}). The user-supplied 'value' field was interpolated directly into the SQL string with str.format() instead of being passed as a bound parameter, allowing an authenticated pgAdmin user with a connected PostgreSQL session to inject additional statements through that endpoint.
The injected SQL executes under the database role the user is already authenticated as. The defect does not cross a privilege boundary -- the user already has direct SQL access to that role through the Query Tool -- so the attacker gains no capability beyond what their database role already grants them. The marginal impact accounts for the fact that the injection path is not the documented SQL-execution interface, so a deployment that gates the Query Tool at the application layer could see SQL executed through a path it did not anticipate.
Fix passes the restore point name as a bound parameter and schema-qualifies the function call as pg_catalog.pg_create_restore_point so a non-default search_path on the connection cannot redirect the call to a shadow definition. A regression test asserts the value arrives as a bound parameter and not spliced into the SQL string.
This issue affects pgAdmin 4: from 1.0 before 9.16.
CVSS 4.3
AVer PTC cameras Files or Directories Accessible to External Parties
Improper input validation in AVer PTC500S, PTC115, PTC500+, and PTC115+
cameras may allow a remote, unauthenticated attacker to achieve
arbitrary code execution via a specially crafted web request.
CVSS 9.8
Apollo Pharmacy Blood Glucose Monitoring System APG-01 BT Cleartext Transmission of Sensitive Information
An attacker within BLE communication range can passively intercept
wireless traffic and obtain sensitive health-related information,
including glucose measurement values.
CVSS 6.5
Apollo Pharmacy Blood Glucose Monitoring System APG-01 BT Missing Authorization
An attacker within BLE communication range can monopolize the device's
only available BLE connection slot, preventing legitimate users or
applications from establishing a connection.
CVSS 6.5
libssh2 - Heap Buffer Over-read via sftp_symlink() in sftp.c
libssh2 through 1.11.1, fixed in commit 2dae302, contains an out-of-bounds heap read vulnerability in the sftp_symlink() function in src/sftp.c that allows a malicious SSH server or man-in-the-middle attacker to disclose heap memory contents or cause a crash by sending a crafted SSH_FXP_NAME response. Attackers can supply a link_len value larger than the actual packet data in SSH_FXP_NAME responses for SFTP READLINK and REALPATH operations, triggering a heap buffer over-read of up to target_len minus one bytes due to the missing validation of available packet buffer size before the memcpy operation.
CVSS 6.5
Hashgraph Guardian Stored XSS via branding companyName field
Hashgraph Guardian through 3.5.0, fixed in commit ba8c566, contains a stored cross-site scripting vulnerability that allows authenticated users with the STANDARD_REGISTRY role to inject malicious scripts by submitting a crafted companyName value via the branding configuration API endpoint. Attackers can exploit the unsanitized innerHTML assignment in the branding service to execute arbitrary JavaScript in the browser of every authenticated user on every page load.
CVSS 4.8
conda-smithy < 3.61.0 - GitHub Username Takeover Feedstock Write Access
conda-smithy is a tool for combining a conda recipe with configurations to build using freely hosted CI services into a single repository. Prior to version 3.61.0, a vulnerability in the conda-forge automated webservices allowed unintended write access to feedstock repositories through GitHub username takeover. The root cause is the use of mutable GitHub usernames as identifiers for repository invitation routing, rather than stable, immutable GitHub user IDs. Version 3.61.0 fixes the issue.
CVSS 7.6
phpMyFAQ: Missing userHasPermission() in 4 API write endpoints (CVE-2026-24421 Incomplete Fix)
phpMyFAQ is an open source FAQ web application. Versions prior to 4.1.4 have Missing Authorization in the API CategoryController. CVE-2026-24421 addressed this in the BackupController by adding: $this->userHasPermission(PermissionType::BACKUP). The same fix was not applied to 4 other write endpoints in the public API. All 4 only call $this->hasValidToken() — which checks a shared API key header, rather than the individual user's role permissions. The following APIs are affected: POST /api/v4.0/category (CategoryController::create), POST /api/v4.0/faq (FaqController::create), PUT /api/v4.0/faq (FaqController::update), and POST /api/v4.0/question (QuestionController::create). This issue has been fixed in version 4.1.4.
CVSS 6.5
OneDev <= 15.0.6 - Authenticated Arbitrary File Overwrite via TarUtils.untar
OneDev is a Git server with CI/CD, kanban, and packages. In versions 15.0.6 and below, TarUtils.untar() creates symbolic links verbatim from TAR entry getLinkName() without validating whether the target is an absolute path. A subsequent file entry in the same archive traverses the symlink, writing to arbitrary server-side locations. This is exploitable by any authenticated user with CI Job write access — no admin interaction required. This is an incomplete fix bypass of CVE-2021-21251 (GHSA-2w6j-wc8c-9mq2): that patch blocked .. path segments but did not address absolute symlink targets. This issue has been fixed in version 15.0.7.
deepstream is vulnerable to prototype pollution
deepstream is a server that allows clients and backend services to sync data, send messages and make rpcs at scale. Versions prior to 10.0.5 are vulnerable to Prototype Pollution. Exploitation can lead to potential privilege escalation from any authenticated user with write permission to any record. This issue has been fixed in version 10.0.5.
CVSS 9.9
mcp-pinot: Unauthenticated tool invocation via default oauth_enabled=False + host 0.0.0.0 bind
mcp-pinot is a Python-based Model Context Protocol (MCP) server for interacting with Apache Pinot. In versions 3.0.1 and below, mcp-pinot defaults to running an HTTP MCP server bound to 0.0.0.0:8080 with no authentication enabled. All MCP tools, including SQL query execution, schema creation, and table-config mutation, are reachable by any network-adjacent caller. The server proxies these calls using server-side Pinot credentials, producing a confused-deputy condition that yields full read/write access to the configured Pinot cluster. This issue has been fixed in version 3.1.0
CVSS 10.0
Relyra SAML SignatureValue not cryptographically verified -> authentication bypass
Relyra is a strict-by-default SAML 2.0 Service Provider library for Elixir and Phoenix. Versions 1.0.0 and 1.1.0 accept forged SAML signatures because SignatureValue was not cryptographically verified before the library returned a successful authentication result. The XMLDSig trust boundary was incomplete as :public_key.verify over the exclusive-C14N canonicalized SignedInfo was not performed against the configured IdP certificate's public key, DigestValue was not recomputed over the canonicalized referenced element, and canonicalize/2 remained an unused passthrough in the signature-verification path. The result was a structure-only acceptance path where document shape and trust-source rejection could succeed without proving the signature bytes. A forged SignatureValue carrying an attacker-controlled NameID could be accepted as {:ok}. This issue has been fixed in version 1.2.0.
CVSS 9.1
NILFS utilities - Undefined Behavior and Out-of-Memory via Unvalidated s_log_block_size
NILFS utilities through 2.3.0, fixed in commit 26efb5d, nilfs_sb_is_valid() function fails to validate s_log_block_size field in NILFS2 superblock before bit-shift operations. Attackers supplying crafted NILFS2 images trigger undefined behavior through oversized shifts or out-of-memory conditions, crashing tools like nilfs-tune and dumpseg.
CVSS 5.5
OpenBSD mpls_do_error Kernel Stack Memory Disclosure via MPLS Input
OpenBSD before commit 6a23123 (2026-06-18) contains an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in the mpls_do_error function within sys/netmpls/mpls_input.c that allows remote attackers to disclose kernel stack memory by sending crafted MPLS frames with 16 labels and no Bottom-of-Stack bit set.
CVSS 5.3
PIAF-HMS multiple unauthenticated SQL injection vulnerabilities via mysql_query
claudiopizzillo PIAF-HMS (PBX-In-A-Flash Hotel Management System; no released versions, latest commit 389d2633441b65ced1c104212cd62be2bfca21e5) contains multiple unauthenticated SQL injection vulnerabilities. The application has no authentication mechanism and passes user-supplied HTTP parameters directly into deprecated mysql_query() calls via string concatenation, without sanitization, escaping, or parameterization. Affected sinks include rooms.php (DELETE FROM Rooms WHERE ID = $_GET['ID'], unquoted numeric context), checkuser.php (WHERE Ext = '$_GET["Ext"]'), ec.php (date/extension parameters in a WHERE), checkin.php and wakeup.php ($_POST values into INSERT statements), bills.php ($_POST fields built into a WHERE clause), and rates.php and checkout.php. A remote, unauthenticated attacker can inject arbitrary SQL to read, modify, or delete arbitrary records in the backing database (e.g. rooms.php?ID=1 OR 1=1 deletes all room records). Note: queries run via the legacy mysql_* extension, which does not permit stacked statements.
CVSS 9.8
Stored XSS via missing XSS safety check in Admin2 Pages API partial validation
Grav 2.0.0-rc.9 with Admin2 2.0.0-rc.14 contains a stored cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the Admin2 Pages API save flow.
Shenzhen Liandian Communication Technology LTD V380 IP Camera / AppFHE1 V1.0.6.0 - Missing Authentication for Critical Function
A broken authorization boundary in the RTSP media delivery pipeline of Shenzhen Liandian Communication Technology LTD V380 IP Camera firmware AppFHE1_V1.0.6.020230803 enables unauthenticated network actors to bypass the device’s credential-enforced live-view workflow and directly retrieve real-time video stream data.
HAProxy - Integer Overflow in FCGI Demux Record Length Field
HAProxy through 3.4.0, fixed in commit 5985276, contains an integer overflow vulnerability in the fcgi_conn structure's drl field that allows buffer misparse as new FCGI record headers. When contentLength is 65535 and paddingLength is 1 or more, the drl field wraps to 0, causing incorrect record consumption and allowing malicious FastCGI backends to desynchronize the FCGI framing parser, potentially causing request routing errors, response smuggling, or memory safety issues.
CVSS 7.5
By Source