Exploit Database
145,185 exploits tracked across all sources.
PackageKit vulnerable to TOCTOU Race on Transaction Flags leads to arbitrary package installation as root
PackageKit is a a D-Bus abstraction layer that allows the user to manage packages in a secure way using a cross-distro, cross-architecture API. PackageKit between and including versions 1.0.2 and 1.3.4 is vulnerable to a time-of-check time-of-use (TOCTOU) race condition on transaction flags that allows unprivileged users to install packages as root and thus leads to a local privilege escalation. This is patched in version 1.3.5.
A local unprivileged user can install arbitrary RPM packages as root, including executing RPM scriptlets, without authentication. The vulnerability is a TOCTOU race condition on `transaction->cached_transaction_flags` combined with a silent state-machine guard that discards illegal backward transitions while leaving corrupted flags in place. Three bugs exist in `src/pk-transaction.c`:
1. Unconditional flag overwrite (line 4036): `InstallFiles()` writes caller-supplied flags to `transaction->cached_transaction_flags` without checking whether the transaction has already been authorized/started. A second call blindly overwrites the flags even while the transaction is RUNNING.
2. Silent state-transition rejection (lines 873–882): `pk_transaction_set_state()` silently discards backward state transitions (e.g. `RUNNING` → `WAITING_FOR_AUTH`) but the flag overwrite at step 1 already happened. The transaction continues running with corrupted flags.
3. Late flag read at execution time (lines 2273–2277): The scheduler's idle callback reads cached_transaction_flags at dispatch time, not at authorization time. If flags were overwritten between authorization and execution, the backend sees the attacker's flags.
by adminlove520
GitHub Enterprise Server RCE via Git Push Option Injection
An improper neutralization of special elements vulnerability was identified in GitHub Enterprise Server that allowed an attacker with push access to a repository to achieve remote code execution on the instance. During a git push operation, user-supplied push option values were not properly sanitized before being included in internal service headers. Because the internal header format used a delimiter character that could also appear in user input, an attacker could inject additional metadata fields through crafted push option values. This vulnerability was reported via the GitHub Bug Bounty program and has been fixed in GitHub Enterprise Server versions 3.14.25, 3.15.20, 3.16.16, 3.17.13, 3.18.7 and 3.19.4.
by adminlove520
Midi-Synth <1.1.0 - Unauthenticated RCE
The midi-Synth plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary file uploads due to missing file type and file extension validation in the 'export' AJAX action in all versions up to, and including, 1.1.0. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to upload arbitrary files on the affected site's server which may make remote code execution possible granted the attacker can obtain a valid nonce. The nonce is exposed in frontend JavaScript making it trivially accessible to unauthenticated attackers.
by adminlove520
Palo Alto Networks PAN-OS Unauthenticated Authentication Bypass via Cloud Authentication Service
An authentication bypass vulnerability in Palo Alto Networks PAN-OS® software enables an unauthenticated attacker with network access to bypass authentication controls when Cloud Authentication Service (CAS) is enabled.
The risk is higher if CAS is enabled on the management interface and lower when any other login interfaces are used.
The risk of this issue is greatly reduced if you secure access to the management web interface by restricting access to only trusted internal IP addresses according to our recommended best practice deployment guidelines https://live.paloaltonetworks.com/t5/community-blogs/tips-amp-tricks-how-to-secure-the-management-access-of-your-palo/ba-p/464431 .
This issue is applicable to PAN-OS software on PA-Series and VM-Series firewalls and on Panorama (virtual and M-Series).
Cloud NGFW and Prisma Access® are not impacted by this vulnerability.
by tstephens1080
Jsondiffpatch < 0.7.6 - Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution')
Versions of the package jsondiffpatch before 0.7.6 are vulnerable to Prototype Pollution via the jsondiffpatch.patch() and jsondiffpatch/formatters/jsonpatch.patch() APIs. An attacker can perform prototype pollution by supplying crafted delta or JSON Patch documents, as attacker-controlled property names and path segments are used to traverse and modify objects without restricting access to special properties like __proto__ or constructor.prototype, allowing modification of Object.prototype.
CVSS 8.2
U-Boot < 2026.04 - Signature Verification Bypass via Omitted Hashed-Nodes in FIT
Das U-Boot before 2026.04 allows FIT (Flat Image Tree) signature verification bypass because hashed-nodes is omitted from a hash.
CVSS 8.2
qs.stringify crashes on null/undefined entries in comma-format arrays under encodeValuesOnly
### Summary
`qs.stringify` throws `TypeError` when called with `arrayFormat: 'comma'` and `encodeValuesOnly: true` on an array containing `null` or `undefined`. The throw is synchronous and not handled by any of qs's null-related options (`skipNulls`, `strictNullHandling`).
### Details
In the comma + `encodeValuesOnly` branch, `lib/stringify.js:145` mapped the array through the raw encoder before joining:
```js
obj = utils.maybeMap(obj, encoder);
```
`utils.encode` (`lib/utils.js:195`) reads `str.length` with no null guard, so a `null` or `undefined` element throws `TypeError`. `skipNulls` and `strictNullHandling` are both checked in the per-element loop below this line and never get a chance to run.
Same class of bug as the filter-array path fixed in 0c180a4. The vulnerable shape of the comma + `encodeValuesOnly` branch was introduced in 4c4b23d ("encode comma values more consistently", PR #463, 2023-01-19), first released in v6.11.1.
#### PoC
```js
const qs = require('qs');
qs.stringify({ a: [null, 'b'] }, { arrayFormat: 'comma', encodeValuesOnly: true });
qs.stringify({ a: [undefined, 'b'] }, { arrayFormat: 'comma', encodeValuesOnly: true });
qs.stringify({ a: [null] }, { arrayFormat: 'comma', encodeValuesOnly: true });
// TypeError: Cannot read properties of null (reading 'length')
// at encode (lib/utils.js:195:13)
// at Object.maybeMap (lib/utils.js:322:37)
// at stringify (lib/stringify.js:145:25)
```
#### Fix
`lib/stringify.js:145`, applied in 21f80b3 on `main` and released as v6.15.2:
```diff
- obj = utils.maybeMap(obj, encoder);
+ obj = utils.maybeMap(obj, function (v) {
+ return v == null ? v : encoder(v);
+ });
```
`null` and `undefined` now pass through `maybeMap` unchanged and reach the `join(',')` step as-is. For `{ a: [null, 'b'] }` this produces `a=,b`, matching the non-`encodeValuesOnly` comma path (which already joins before encoding and produces `a=%2Cb` for the same input). Single-element `[null]` arrays still collapse via the existing `obj.join(',') || null` and remain subject to `skipNulls` / `strictNullHandling` in the main loop.
### Affected versions
`>=6.11.1 <6.15.2` — fixed in v6.15.2.
The vulnerable code shape was introduced in 4c4b23d and first shipped in v6.11.1. Earlier versions — including all of 6.7.x, 6.8.x, 6.9.x, 6.10.x, and 6.11.0 — implemented the comma + `encodeValuesOnly` path differently (joining before encoding) and are not affected. Empirically verified across released versions.
### Impact
Application code that calls `qs.stringify` with both `arrayFormat: 'comma'` and `encodeValuesOnly: true` (both non-default) on input that may contain a `null` or `undefined` array element will throw synchronously instead of producing a query string. In a typical Node.js HTTP framework (Express, Fastify, Koa, hapi) the sync throw is caught by the framework's error boundary and the affected request returns a 500; the worker process does not exit and subsequent requests are unaffected. The "kills the worker process" framing applies only to call sites outside a request-handler error boundary (background jobs, startup paths, stream pipelines) or to deployments with framework error handling explicitly disabled.
The vulnerable input is a `null` or `undefined` entry inside an array; this is reachable from JSON request bodies or from application code constructing arrays from user input, but not from standard HTML form submissions (which produce strings or omitted fields, not literal `null`).
CVSS 5.3
Zabbix 6.0.0-6.0.32 - Authenticated SQL Injection via CUser.addRelatedObjects
A non-admin user account on the Zabbix frontend with the default User role, or with any other role that gives API access can exploit this vulnerability. An SQLi exists in the CUser class in the addRelatedObjects function, this function is being called from the CUser.get function which is available for every user who has API access.
by fellipefelix06
CVSS 9.9
Cisco ASA 9.6-9.6.4.42 & FTD 6.2.3-6.2.3.16 Unauthenticated Path Traversal
A vulnerability in the web services interface of Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software and Cisco Firepower Threat Defense (FTD) Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to conduct directory traversal attacks and read sensitive files on a targeted system. The vulnerability is due to a lack of proper input validation of URLs in HTTP requests processed by an affected device. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending a crafted HTTP request containing directory traversal character sequences to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to view arbitrary files within the web services file system on the targeted device. The web services file system is enabled when the affected device is configured with either WebVPN or AnyConnect features. This vulnerability cannot be used to obtain access to ASA or FTD system files or underlying operating system (OS) files.
by curtishoughton
CVSS 7.5
Cisco ASA 9.12-9.12.4.72 & FTD 7.0.0-7.0.8.1 Unauthenticated Missing Authorization via VPN Web Server
Update: On November 5, 2025, Cisco became aware of a new attack variant against devices running Cisco Secure ASA Software or Cisco Secure FTD Software releases that are affected by CVE-2025-20333 and CVE-2025-20362. This attack can cause unpatched devices to unexpectedly reload, leading to denial of service (DoS) conditions. Cisco strongly recommends that all customers upgrade to the fixed software releases that are listed in the Fixed Software ["#fs"] section of this advisory.
A vulnerability in the VPN web server of Cisco Secure Firewall Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software and Cisco Secure Firewall Threat Defense (FTD) Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to access restricted URL endpoints that are related to remote access VPN that should otherwise be inaccessible without authentication.
This vulnerability is due to improper validation of user-supplied input in HTTP(S) requests. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending crafted HTTP requests to a targeted web server on a device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to access a restricted URL without authentication.
by curtishoughton
CVSS 6.5
Gogs < 0.13.3 - Local Code Execution via PutContents API Symbolic Link Handling
Improper Symbolic link handling in the PutContents API in Gogs allows Local Execution of Code.
by arif-s3d0
Apache NiFi 0.0.2-1.21.0 - Authenticated Remote Code Execution via H2 JDBC Database URL
The DBCPConnectionPool and HikariCPConnectionPool Controller Services in Apache NiFi 0.0.2 through 1.21.0 allow an authenticated and authorized user to configure a Database URL with the H2 driver that enables custom code execution.
The resolution validates the Database URL and rejects H2 JDBC locations.
You are recommended to upgrade to version 1.22.0 or later which fixes this issue.
by arif-s3d0
Cisco Secure Firewall ASA/FTD - RCE
A vulnerability in the VPN web server of Cisco Secure Firewall Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software and Cisco Secure Firewall Threat Defense (FTD) Software could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on an affected device.
This vulnerability is due to improper validation of user-supplied input in HTTP(S) requests. An attacker with valid VPN user credentials could exploit this vulnerability by sending crafted HTTP requests to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary code as root, possibly resulting in the complete compromise of the affected device.
by curtishoughton
CVSS 9.9
NGINX Plus and NGINX Open Source - Heap-based Buffer Overflow in ngx_http_rewrite_module
NGINX Plus and NGINX Open Source have a vulnerability in the ngx_http_rewrite_module module. This vulnerability exists when the rewrite directive is followed by a rewrite, if, or set directive and an unnamed Perl-Compatible Regular Expression (PCRE) capture (for example, $1, $2) with a replacement string that includes a question mark (?). An unauthenticated attacker along with conditions beyond its control can exploit this vulnerability by sending crafted HTTP requests. This may cause a heap buffer overflow in the NGINX worker process leading to a restart. Additionally, attackers can execute code on systems with Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) disabled or when the attacker can bypass ASLR. Note: Software versions which have reached End of Technical Support (EoTS) are not evaluated.
by MateusVerass
CVSS 8.1
crypto: algif_aead - Revert to operating out-of-place
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
crypto: algif_aead - Revert to operating out-of-place
This mostly reverts commit 72548b093ee3 except for the copying of
the associated data.
There is no benefit in operating in-place in algif_aead since the
source and destination come from different mappings. Get rid of
all the complexity added for in-place operation and just copy the
AD directly.
by Maxime288
CVSS 7.8
Webkul Krayin CRM 2.2.x - Authenticated RCE
An authenticated arbitrary file upload vulnerability in the /admin/tinymce/upload endpoint of Webkul Krayin CRM v2.2.x allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via uploading a crafted PHP file.
by NathanHimself
Adobe ColdFusion <2018 Update 15, 2021 Update 5 - RCE
Adobe ColdFusion versions 2018 Update 15 (and earlier) and 2021 Update 5 (and earlier) are affected by an Improper Access Control vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue does not require user interaction.
by joaoaugustom
CVSS 8.6
IPFire 2.25-core155 - Privilege Escalation
lfs/backup in IPFire 2.25-core155 does not ensure that /var/ipfire/backup/bin/backup.pl is owned by the root account. It might be owned by an unprivileged account, which could potentially be used to install a Trojan horse backup.pl script that is later executed by root. Similar problems with the ownership/permissions of other files may be present as well.
by joaoaugustom
CVSS 8.8
Jsondiffpatch < 0.7.6 - Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution')
Versions of the package jsondiffpatch before 0.7.6 are vulnerable to Prototype Pollution via the jsondiffpatch.patch() and jsondiffpatch/formatters/jsonpatch.patch() APIs. An attacker can perform prototype pollution by supplying crafted delta or JSON Patch documents, as attacker-controlled property names and path segments are used to traverse and modify objects without restricting access to special properties like __proto__ or constructor.prototype, allowing modification of Object.prototype.
CVSS 8.2
Net::Statsd::Lite versions before 0.9.0 for Perl allowed metric injections
Net::Statsd::Lite versions before 0.9.0 for Perl allowed metric injections.
The metric names were not checked for newlines, colons or pipes. Metrics generated from untrusted sources could inject additional statsd metrics.
CVSS 6.5
Flowise 3.0.5 - Remote Code Execution via CustomMCP Node Configuration Parsing
Flowise is a drag & drop user interface to build a customized large language model flow. In version 3.0.5, Flowise is vulnerable to remote code execution. The CustomMCP node allows users to input configuration settings for connecting to an external MCP server. This node parses the user-provided mcpServerConfig string to build the MCP server configuration. However, during this process, it executes JavaScript code without any security validation. Specifically, inside the convertToValidJSONString function, user input is directly passed to the Function() constructor, which evaluates and executes the input as JavaScript code. Since this runs with full Node.js runtime privileges, it can access dangerous modules such as child_process and fs. This issue has been patched in version 3.0.6.
by im-nymii
CVSS 10.0
Unisoc SC9863A/T310/T610/T618 - Local Privilege Escalation via Unchecked BootRom Write Address
In BootRom, there is a possible unchecked write address. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed.
by Gopartner
CVSS 7.8
Flowise <3.0.5 - Privilege Escalation
Flowise is a drag & drop user interface to build a customized large language model flow. In version 3.0.5 and earlier, the `forgot-password` endpoint in Flowise returns sensitive information including a valid password reset `tempToken` without authentication or verification. This enables any attacker to generate a reset token for arbitrary users and directly reset their password, leading to a complete account takeover (ATO). This vulnerability applies to both the cloud service (`cloud.flowiseai.com`) and self-hosted/local Flowise deployments that expose the same API. Commit 9e178d68873eb876073846433a596590d3d9c863 in version 3.0.6 secures password reset endpoints. Several recommended remediation steps are available. Do not return reset tokens or sensitive account details in API responses. Tokens must only be delivered securely via the registered email channel. Ensure `forgot-password` responds with a generic success message regardless of input, to avoid user enumeration. Require strong validation of the `tempToken` (e.g., single-use, short expiry, tied to request origin, validated against email delivery). Apply the same fixes to both cloud and self-hosted/local deployments. Log and monitor password reset requests for suspicious activity. Consider multi-factor verification for sensitive accounts.
by vincent-vbg
CVSS 9.8
Git <2.39.2-2.30.8 - Path Traversal
Git, a revision control system, is vulnerable to path traversal prior to versions 2.39.2, 2.38.4, 2.37.6, 2.36.5, 2.35.7, 2.34.7, 2.33.7, 2.32.6, 2.31.7, and 2.30.8. By feeding a crafted input to `git apply`, a path outside the working tree can be overwritten as the user who is running `git apply`. A fix has been prepared and will appear in v2.39.2, v2.38.4, v2.37.6, v2.36.5, v2.35.7, v2.34.7, v2.33.7, v2.32.6, v2.31.7, and v2.30.8. As a workaround, use `git apply --stat` to inspect a patch before applying; avoid applying one that creates a symbolic link and then creates a file beyond the symbolic link.
by tralsesec
CVSS 6.2
ClamAV <1.0.0 - Info Disclosure
On Feb 15, 2023, the following vulnerability in the ClamAV scanning library was disclosed:
A vulnerability in the DMG file parser of ClamAV versions 1.0.0 and earlier, 0.105.1 and earlier, and 0.103.7 and earlier could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to access sensitive information on an affected device.
This vulnerability is due to enabling XML entity substitution that may result in XML external entity injection. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by submitting a crafted DMG file to be scanned by ClamAV on an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to leak bytes from any file that may be read by the ClamAV scanning process.
by tralsesec
CVSS 5.3
By Source