ruby Vulnerabilities and Affected Products
Explore source-attributed vulnerabilities associated with ruby products.
Products
| Vulnerability | Title and context | CVSS | EPSS | PoCs | Signals | STIX action |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CVE-2026-71847HIGH | Ruby JSON: JSON::ResumableParser#partial_value dereferences a freed input buffer and crashes on truncated duplicate-key streamsRuby JSON is a JSON implementation for Ruby. From 2.20.0 until 2.21.2, Ruby's JSON native C extension clears the consumed JSON::ResumableParser input buffer but leaves state.start, state.cursor, and state.end pointing into released storage. When partial_value reconstructs an incomplete object containing duplicate keys, the duplicate-key warning path calls cursor_position, which dereferences those stale pointers. This results in a heap-use-after-free and can terminate the Ruby process. An attacke… CWE-416Aug 7, 2026 | CVSS8.7v4.0 | EPSS0.253% | PoCs0 | SignalsNot listed in CISA KEVNo known ransomware useNo Nuclei templates | STIX |
Ruby JSON: JSON generator heap buffer overflow when streaming to an IORuby JSON is a JSON implementation for Ruby. Versions 2.9.0 through 2.19.8 are vulnerable to heap buffer overflow when the JSON generator is provided with an oversized streamed object. When streaming to an IO JSON.dump(obj, io) and JSON::State#generate(obj, io) can write past the internal JSON generator buffer when a streamed object contains an attacker-controlled string near 16 KB. Exploitation would result in a reliable process crash/denial of service. This issue has been fixed in version 2.19… | CVSS3.7v3.1 | EPSS0.301% | PoCs0 | SignalsNot listed in CISA KEVNo known ransomware useNo Nuclei templates | STIX | |
CVE-2026-47242MEDIUM | Net::IMAP: Command Injection via ID command argumentNet::IMAP implements Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP) client functionality in Ruby. Prior to 0.6.5 and 0.5.15, when Net::IMAP#id is called with a hash argument, although the ID field value strings are correctly quoted (escaping quoted specials), they were not validated to prohibit CRLF sequences. While Net::IMAP#enable does process its arguments for aliases, it does not validate them as valid atoms (or as a list of valid atoms). The #to_s value is sent verbatim. Arguments to either comman… | CVSS5.8v4.0 | EPSS0.131% | PoCs0 | SignalsNot listed in CISA KEVNo known ransomware useNo Nuclei templates | STIX |
CVE-2026-47240MEDIUM | Net::IMAP: Command Injection via non-synchronizing literal in "raw" argumentNet::IMAP implements Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP) client functionality in Ruby. Prior to 0.6.5 and 0.5.15, several Net::IMAP commands accept a "raw data" argument that is sent verbatim after validation to prevent command injection. However, if a server does not support non-synchronizing literals, it may still be possible to inject arbitrary IMAP commands inside non-synchronizing literals. A server without support for non-synchronizing literals may interpret the "+}\r\n" as the end of… | CVSS5.8v4.0 | EPSS0.491% | PoCs0 | SignalsNot listed in CISA KEVNo known ransomware useNo Nuclei templates | STIX |
Net::IMAP: Denial of Service via incomplete raw argument validationNet::IMAP implements Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP) client functionality in Ruby. Prior to 0.6.5 and 0.5.15, several Net::IMAP commands accept a raw string argument which is only validated to prevent CRLF injection and then sent verbatim. If this string is derived from user-controlled input, an attacker can force the next command to be absorbed as a continuation of the first command. This will cause the first command to eventually fail, but also prevents it from returning until another … | CVSS2.1v4.0 | EPSS0.239% | PoCs0 | SignalsNot listed in CISA KEVNo known ransomware useNo Nuclei templates | STIX | |
CVE-2026-42258MEDIUM | net-imap: Command Injection via unvalidated Symbol inputsNet::IMAP implements Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP) client functionality in Ruby. Prior to versions 0.4.24, 0.5.14, and 0.6.4, symbol arguments to commands are vulnerable to a CRLF Injection / IMAP Command injection via Symbol arguments passed to IMAP commands. This issue has been patched in versions 0.4.24, 0.5.14, and 0.6.4. | CVSS5.8v4.0 | EPSS0.783% | PoCs0 | SignalsNot listed in CISA KEVNo known ransomware useNo Nuclei templates | STIX |
CVE-2026-42257MEDIUM | net-imap: Command Injection via "raw" arguments to multiple commandsNet::IMAP implements Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP) client functionality in Ruby. Prior to versions 0.4.24, 0.5.14, and 0.6.4, several Net::IMAP commands accept a raw string argument that is sent to the server without validation or escaping. If this string is derived from user-controlled input, it may contain contain CRLF sequences, which an attacker can use to inject arbitrary IMAP commands. This issue has been patched in versions 0.4.24, 0.5.14, and 0.6.4. | CVSS5.8v4.0 | EPSS0.429% | PoCs0 | SignalsNot listed in CISA KEVNo known ransomware useNo Nuclei templates | STIX |
CVE-2026-42256MEDIUM | net-imap: Denial of service via high iteration count for `SCRAM-*` authenticationNet::IMAP implements Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP) client functionality in Ruby. From versions 0.4.0 to before 0.4.24, 0.5.0 to before 0.5.14, and 0.6.0 to before 0.6.4, when authenticating a connection with SCRAM-SHA1 or SCRAM-SHA256, a hostile server can perform a computational denial-of-service attack on the client process by sending a big iteration count value. This issue has been patched in versions 0.4.24, 0.5.14, and 0.6.4. | CVSS6.0v4.0 | EPSS0.299% | PoCs0 | SignalsNot listed in CISA KEVNo known ransomware useNo Nuclei templates | STIX |
net-imap: Quadratic complexity when reading response literalsNet::IMAP implements Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP) client functionality in Ruby. Prior to versions 0.4.24, 0.5.14, and 0.6.4, Net::IMAP::ResponseReader has quadratic time complexity when reading large responses containing many string literals. A hostile server can send responses which are crafted to exhaust the client's CPU for a denial of service attack. This issue has been patched in versions 0.4.24, 0.5.14, and 0.6.4. CWE-407May 9, 2026 | CVSS2.3v4.0 | EPSS0.41% | PoCs0 | SignalsNot listed in CISA KEVNo known ransomware useNo Nuclei templates | STIX | |
CVE-2026-42246HIGH | net-imap vulnerable to STARTTLS stripping via invalid response timingNet::IMAP implements Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP) client functionality in Ruby. Prior to versions 0.3.10, 0.4.24, 0.5.14, and 0.6.4, a man-in-the-middle attacker can cause Net::IMAP#starttls to return "successfully", without starting TLS. This issue has been patched in versions 0.3.10, 0.4.24, 0.5.14, and 0.6.4. | CVSS7.6v4.0 | EPSS0.312% | PoCs0 | SignalsNot listed in CISA KEVNo known ransomware useNo Nuclei templates | STIX |
CVE-2026-41316HIGH | ERB has an @_init deserialization guard bypass via def_module / def_method / def_classERB is a templating system for Ruby. Ruby 2.7.0 (before ERB 2.2.0 was published on rubygems.org) introduced an `@_init` instance variable guard in `ERB#result` and `ERB#run` to prevent code execution when an ERB object is reconstructed via `Marshal.load` (deserialization). However, three other public methods that also evaluate `@src` via `eval()` were not given the same guard: `ERB#def_method`, `ERB#def_module`, and `ERB#def_class`. An attacker who can trigger `Marshal.load` on untrusted data in… | CVSS8.1v3.1 | EPSS1.13% | PoCs0 | SignalsNot listed in CISA KEVNo known ransomware useNo Nuclei templates | STIX |
zlib: Buffer Overflow in Zlib::GzipReader ungetc via large input leads to memory corruptionzlib is a Ruby interface for the zlib compression/decompression library. Versions 3.0.0 and below, 3.1.0, 3.1.1, 3.2.0 and 3.2.1 contain a buffer overflow vulnerability in the Zlib::GzipReader. The zstream_buffer_ungets function prepends caller-provided bytes ahead of previously produced output but fails to guarantee the backing Ruby string has enough capacity before the memmove shifts the existing data. This can lead to memory corruption when the buffer length exceeds capacity. This issue has b… | CVSS1.7v4.0 | EPSS0.561% | PoCs0 | SignalsNot listed in CISA KEVNo known ransomware useNo Nuclei templates | STIX | |
CVE-2026-33210HIGH | Ruby JSON has a format string injection vulnerabilityRuby JSON is a JSON implementation for Ruby. From version 2.14.0 to before versions 2.15.2.1, 2.17.1.2, and 2.19.2, a format string injection vulnerability can lead to denial of service attacks or information disclosure, when the allow_duplicate_key: false parsing option is used to parse user supplied documents. This issue has been patched in versions 2.15.2.1, 2.17.1.2, and 2.19.2. CWE-134Mar 20, 2026 | CVSS8.3v4.0 | EPSS0.838% | PoCs0 | SignalsNot listed in CISA KEVNo known ransomware useNo Nuclei templates | STIX |
URI Credential Leakage Bypass over CVE-2025-27221URI is a module providing classes to handle Uniform Resource Identifiers. In versions 0.12.4 and earlier (bundled in Ruby 3.2 series) 0.13.2 and earlier (bundled in Ruby 3.3 series), 1.0.3 and earlier (bundled in Ruby 3.4 series), when using the + operator to combine URIs, sensitive information like passwords from the original URI can be leaked, violating RFC3986 and making applications vulnerable to credential exposure. This is a a bypass for the fix to CVE-2025-27221 that can expose user crede… | CVSS2.1v4.0 | EPSS0.519% | PoCs0 | SignalsNot listed in CISA KEVNo known ransomware useNo Nuclei templates | STIX | |
REXML has a DoS condition when parsing malformed XML fileREXML is an XML toolkit for Ruby. The REXML gems from 3.3.3 to 3.4.1 has a DoS vulnerability when parsing XML containing multiple XML declarations. If you need to parse untrusted XMLs, you may be impacted to these vulnerabilities. The REXML gem 3.4.2 or later include the patches to fix these vulnerabilities. | CVSS1.2v4.0 | EPSS0.231% | PoCs0 | SignalsNot listed in CISA KEVNo known ransomware useNo Nuclei templates | STIX | |
resolv vulnerable to DoS via insufficient DNS domain name length validationThe attack vector is a potential Denial of Service (DoS). The vulnerability is caused by an insufficient check on the length of a decompressed domain name within a DNS packet. An attacker can craft a malicious DNS packet containing a highly compressed domain name. When the resolv library parses such a packet, the name decompression process consumes a large amount of CPU resources, as the library does not limit the resulting length of the name. This resource consumption can cause the applic… | CVSS-v4.0 | EPSS0.539% | PoCs0 | SignalsNot listed in CISA KEVNo known ransomware useNo Nuclei templates | STIX | |
CVE-2025-6442MEDIUM | Ruby WEBrick read_header HTTP Request Smuggling VulnerabilityRuby WEBrick read_header HTTP Request Smuggling Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to smuggle arbitrary HTTP requests on affected installations of Ruby WEBrick. This issue is exploitable when the product is deployed behind an HTTP proxy that fulfills specific conditions. The specific flaw exists within the read_headers method. The issue results from the inconsistent parsing of terminators of HTTP headers. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to smuggle arbitrary HT… CWE-444Jun 25, 2025 | CVSS5.9v3.1 | EPSS0.422% | PoCs0 | SignalsNot listed in CISA KEVNo known ransomware useNo Nuclei templates | STIX |
CVE-2025-43857MEDIUM | net-imap rubygem vulnerable to possible DoS by memory exhaustionNet::IMAP implements Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP) client functionality in Ruby. Prior to versions 0.5.7, 0.4.20, 0.3.9, and 0.2.5, there is a possibility for denial of service by memory exhaustion when net-imap reads server responses. At any time while the client is connected, a malicious server can send can send a "literal" byte count, which is automatically read by the client's receiver thread. The response reader immediately allocates memory for the number of bytes indicated by the… | CVSS6.0v4.0 | EPSS0.47% | PoCs0 | SignalsNot listed in CISA KEVNo known ransomware useNo Nuclei templates | STIX |
CVE-2025-27788HIGH | Ruby JSON Parser has Out-of-bounds ReadJSON is a JSON implementation for Ruby. Starting in version 2.10.0 and prior to version 2.10.2, a specially crafted document could cause an out of bound read, most likely resulting in a crash. Versions prior to 2.10.0 are not vulnerable. Version 2.10.2 fixes the problem. No known workarounds are available. CWE-125Mar 12, 2025 | CVSS7.5v3.1 | EPSS0.694% | PoCs0 | SignalsNot listed in CISA KEVNo known ransomware useNo Nuclei templates | STIX |
Net::IMAP vulnerable to possible DoS by memory exhaustionNet::IMAP implements Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP) client functionality in Ruby. Starting in version 0.3.2 and prior to versions 0.3.8, 0.4.19, and 0.5.6, there is a possibility for denial of service by memory exhaustion in `net-imap`'s response parser. At any time while the client is connected, a malicious server can send can send highly compressed `uid-set` data which is automatically read by the client's receiver thread. The response parser uses `Range#to_a` to convert the `uid-se… | CVSS-v4.0 | EPSS0.619% | PoCs0 | SignalsNot listed in CISA KEVNo known ransomware useNo Nuclei templates | STIX | |
CVE-2024-49761MEDIUM | REXML ReDoS vulnerabilityREXML is an XML toolkit for Ruby. The REXML gem before 3.3.9 has a ReDoS vulnerability when it parses an XML that has many digits between &# and x...; in a hex numeric character reference (&#x...;). This does not happen with Ruby 3.2 or later. Ruby 3.1 is the only affected maintained Ruby. The REXML gem 3.3.9 or later include the patch to fix the vulnerability. CWE-1333Oct 28, 2024 | CVSS6.6v4.0 | EPSS1.42% | PoCs0 | SignalsNot listed in CISA KEVNo known ransomware useNo Nuclei templates | STIX |
REXML denial of service vulnerabilityREXML is an XML toolkit for Ruby. The REXML gem before 3.3.6 has a DoS vulnerability when it parses an XML that has many deep elements that have same local name attributes. If you need to parse untrusted XMLs with tree parser API like REXML::Document.new, you may be impacted to this vulnerability. If you use other parser APIs such as stream parser API and SAX2 parser API, this vulnerability is not affected. The REXML gem 3.3.6 or later include the patch to fix the vulnerability. CWE-776Aug 22, 2024 | CVSS-v4.0 | EPSS1.21% | PoCs0 | SignalsNot listed in CISA KEVNo known ransomware useNo Nuclei templates | STIX | |
REXML DoS vulnerabilityREXML is an XML toolkit for Ruby. The REXML gem 3.3.2 has a DoS vulnerability when it parses an XML that has many entity expansions with SAX2 or pull parser API. The REXML gem 3.3.3 or later include the patch to fix the vulnerability. | CVSS-v4.0 | EPSS1.19% | PoCs0 | SignalsNot listed in CISA KEVNo known ransomware useNo Nuclei templates | STIX | |
REXML DoS vulnerabilityREXML is an XML toolkit for Ruby. The REXML gem before 3.3.2 has some DoS vulnerabilities when it parses an XML that has many specific characters such as whitespace character, `>]` and `]>`. The REXML gem 3.3.3 or later include the patches to fix these vulnerabilities. | CVSS-v4.0 | EPSS1.28% | PoCs0 | SignalsNot listed in CISA KEVNo known ransomware useNo Nuclei templates | STIX | |
Denial of service in REXMLREXML is an XML toolkit for Ruby. The REXML gem before 3.3.1 has some DoS vulnerabilities when it parses an XML that has many specific characters such as `<`, `0` and `%>`. If you need to parse untrusted XMLs, you many be impacted to these vulnerabilities. The REXML gem 3.3.2 or later include the patches to fix these vulnerabilities. Users are advised to upgrade. Users unable to upgrade should avoid parsing untrusted XML strings. CWE-400Jul 16, 2024 | CVSS-v4.0 | EPSS1.49% | PoCs1 | SignalsNot listed in CISA KEVNo known ransomware useNo Nuclei templates | STIX |