Description
ALPACA is an application layer protocol content confusion attack, exploiting TLS servers implementing different protocols but using compatible certificates, such as multi-domain or wildcard certificates. A MiTM attacker having access to victim's traffic at the TCP/IP layer can redirect traffic from one subdomain to another, resulting in a valid TLS session. This breaks the authentication of TLS and cross-protocol attacks may be possible where the behavior of one protocol service may compromise the other at the application layer.
References (3)
Core 3
Core References
Mailing List, Third Party Advisory mailing-list
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/11/msg00031.html
Third Party Advisory
https://alpaca-attack.com/
Issue Tracking, Patch, Third Party Advisory
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1975623
Scores
CVSS v3
7.4
EPSS
0.0062
EPSS Percentile
70.1%
Attack Vector
NETWORK
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
Details
CWE
CWE-295
Status
published
Products (7)
debian/debian_linux
10.0
f5/nginx
< 1.21.0
fedoraproject/fedora
33
fedoraproject/fedora
34
fedoraproject/fedora
35
sendmail/sendmail
< 8.17
vsftpd_project/vsftpd
< 3.0.4
Published
Mar 23, 2022
Tracked Since
Feb 18, 2026