CVE-2023-45648

MEDIUM NUCLEI

Apache Tomcat 8.5.0-8.5.93, 9.0.0-M1-9.0.81, 10.1.0-M1-10.1.13, 11.0.0-M1-M11 HTTP Request Smuggling

Title source: llm
STIX 2.1

Exploitation Summary

EIP tracks 1 public exploit for CVE-2023-45648. PoCs published by latr0phil. A Nuclei detection template is also available.

AI-analyzed exploit summary The repository contains functional exploit code for CVE-2023-45648, demonstrating HTTP request smuggling in Apache Tomcat via malformed chunked encoding and trailers. The PoCs test for desynchronization by either triggering a 404 response or inducing a time delay.

Description

Improper Input Validation vulnerability in Apache Tomcat.Tomcat from 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.0-M11, from 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.13, from 9.0.0-M1 through 9.0.81 and from 8.5.0 through 8.5.93 did not correctly parse HTTP trailer headers. A specially crafted, invalid trailer header could cause Tomcat to treat a single request as multiple requests leading to the possibility of request smuggling when behind a reverse proxy. Older, EOL versions may also be affected. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 11.0.0-M12 onwards, 10.1.14 onwards, 9.0.81 onwards or 8.5.94 onwards, which fix the issue.

Exploits (1)

nomisec WORKING POC
by latr0phil · poc
https://github.com/latr0phil/CVE-2023-45648-Hang-Check

The repository contains functional exploit code for CVE-2023-45648, demonstrating HTTP request smuggling in Apache Tomcat via malformed chunked encoding and trailers. The PoCs test for desynchronization by either triggering a 404 response or inducing a time delay.

Classification
Working Poc 95%
Attack Type
Other
Complexity
Moderate
Reliability
Reliable
Target: Apache Tomcat (versions affected by CVE-2023-45648)
No auth needed
Prerequisites: network access to target Tomcat server · SSL/TLS support on target
devstral-2 · analyzed Apr 22, 2026 Full analysis →

Nuclei Templates (1)

Apache Tomcat - HTTP Request Smuggling
MEDIUMby 0x_Akoko
Shodan: title:"Apache Tomcat"
FOFA: app="APACHE-Tomcat"

Scores

CVSS v3 5.3
EPSS 0.6208
EPSS Percentile 98.4%
Attack Vector NETWORK
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N

CISA SSVC

Vulnrichment
Exploitation none
Automatable yes
Technical Impact partial

Details

CWE
CWE-20
Status published
Products (3)
apache/tomcat 9.0.0 milestone1 (27 CPE variants)
apache/tomcat 10.1.0 milestone1 (20 CPE variants)
apache/tomcat 11.0.0 milestone1 (3 CPE variants)
Published Oct 10, 2023
Tracked Since Feb 18, 2026