CVE-2023-54086

Linux Kernel 5.13.0-5.15.112, 5.16.0-6.1.30, 6.2.0-6.3.3 - Denial of Service via BPF Trampoline Recursion

Title source: llm
STIX 2.1

Description

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: Add preempt_count_{sub,add} into btf id deny list The recursion check in __bpf_prog_enter* and __bpf_prog_exit* leave preempt_count_{sub,add} unprotected. When attaching trampoline to them we get panic as follows, [ 867.843050] BUG: TASK stack guard page was hit at 0000000009d325cf (stack is 0000000046a46a15..00000000537e7b28) [ 867.843064] stack guard page: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP NOPTI [ 867.843067] CPU: 8 PID: 11009 Comm: trace Kdump: loaded Not tainted 6.2.0+ #4 [ 867.843100] Call Trace: [ 867.843101] <TASK> [ 867.843104] asm_exc_int3+0x3a/0x40 [ 867.843108] RIP: 0010:preempt_count_sub+0x1/0xa0 [ 867.843135] __bpf_prog_enter_recur+0x17/0x90 [ 867.843148] bpf_trampoline_6442468108_0+0x2e/0x1000 [ 867.843154] ? preempt_count_sub+0x1/0xa0 [ 867.843157] preempt_count_sub+0x5/0xa0 [ 867.843159] ? migrate_enable+0xac/0xf0 [ 867.843164] __bpf_prog_exit_recur+0x2d/0x40 [ 867.843168] bpf_trampoline_6442468108_0+0x55/0x1000 ... [ 867.843788] preempt_count_sub+0x5/0xa0 [ 867.843793] ? migrate_enable+0xac/0xf0 [ 867.843829] __bpf_prog_exit_recur+0x2d/0x40 [ 867.843837] BUG: IRQ stack guard page was hit at 0000000099bd8228 (stack is 00000000b23e2bc4..000000006d95af35) [ 867.843841] BUG: IRQ stack guard page was hit at 000000005ae07924 (stack is 00000000ffd69623..0000000014eb594c) [ 867.843843] BUG: IRQ stack guard page was hit at 00000000028320f0 (stack is 00000000034b6438..0000000078d1bcec) [ 867.843842] bpf_trampoline_6442468108_0+0x55/0x1000 ... That is because in __bpf_prog_exit_recur, the preempt_count_{sub,add} are called after prog->active is decreased. Fixing this by adding these two functions into btf ids deny list.

Scores

EPSS 0.0018
EPSS Percentile 8.1%

Details

Status published
Products (15)
linux/Kernel 5.13.0 - 5.15.113linux
linux/Kernel 5.16.0 - 6.1.30linux
linux/Kernel 6.2.0 - 6.3.4linux
Linux/Linux < 5.13
Linux/Linux 35e3815fa8102fab4dee75f3547472c66581125d - 095018267c87b8bfbbb12eeb1c0ebf2359e1782c
Linux/Linux 35e3815fa8102fab4dee75f3547472c66581125d - 60039bf72f81638baa28652a11a68e9b0b7b5b2d
Linux/Linux 35e3815fa8102fab4dee75f3547472c66581125d - b9168d41b83d182f34ba927ee822edaee18d5fc8
Linux/Linux 35e3815fa8102fab4dee75f3547472c66581125d - c11bd046485d7bf1ca200db0e7d0bdc4bafdd395
Linux/Linux 5.12.11 - 5.13
Linux/Linux 5.13
... and 5 more
Published Dec 24, 2025
Tracked Since Feb 18, 2026