CVE-2025-12044

HIGH

HashiCorp Vault 1.16.25-1.16.26, 1.20.3-1.20.4 - Unauthenticated Denial of Service via JSON Payload Processing

Title source: llm

Description

Vault and Vault Enterprise (“Vault”) are vulnerable to an unauthenticated denial of service when processing JSON payloads. This occurs due to a regression from a previous fix for [+HCSEC-2025-24+|https://discuss.hashicorp.com/t/hcsec-2025-24-vault-denial-of-service-though-complex-json-payloads/76393] which allowed for processing JSON payloads before applying rate limits. This vulnerability, CVE-2025-12044, is fixed in Vault Community Edition 1.21.0 and Vault Enterprise 1.16.27, 1.19.11, 1.20.5, and 1.21.0.

References (1)

Core 1

Core References

Vendor Advisory

https://discuss.hashicorp.com/t/hcsec-2025-31-vault-vulnerable-to-denial-of-service-due-to-rate-limit-regression/76710

Scores

CVSS v3 7.5

EPSS 0.0032

EPSS Percentile 55.1%

Attack Vector NETWORK

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

CISA SSVC

Vulnrichment

Exploitation none

Automatable yes

Technical Impact partial

Details

CWE

CWE-770

Status published

Products (3)

hashicorp/vault 1.16.25 - 1.16.27

hashicorp/vault 1.20.3 - 1.21.0

hashicorp/vault 1.20.3 - 1.21.0Go

Published Oct 23, 2025

Tracked Since Feb 18, 2026