CVE-2025-50461

MEDIUM

Volcengine verl 3.0.0 - Code Injection

Title source: llm
STIX 2.1

Exploitation Summary

EIP tracks 1 public exploit for CVE-2025-50461. PoCs published by Anchor0221.

AI-analyzed exploit summary This repository contains a functional proof-of-concept exploit for CVE-2025-50461, demonstrating arbitrary code execution via unsafe deserialization in PyTorch's `torch.load()` function within the Verl model_merger.py script. The PoC includes a malicious pickle payload that executes a command upon deserialization.

Description

A deserialization vulnerability exists in Volcengine's verl 3.0.0, specifically in the scripts/model_merger.py script when using the "fsdp" backend. The script calls torch.load() with weights_only=False on user-supplied .pt files, allowing attackers to execute arbitrary code if a maliciously crafted model file is loaded. An attacker can exploit this by convincing a victim to download and place a malicious model file in a local directory with a specific filename pattern. This vulnerability may lead to arbitrary code execution with the privileges of the user running the script.

Exploits (1)

nomisec WORKING POC
by Anchor0221 · poc
https://github.com/Anchor0221/CVE-2025-50461

This repository contains a functional proof-of-concept exploit for CVE-2025-50461, demonstrating arbitrary code execution via unsafe deserialization in PyTorch's `torch.load()` function within the Verl model_merger.py script. The PoC includes a malicious pickle payload that executes a command upon deserialization.

Classification
Working Poc 100%
Attack Type
Rce
Complexity
Trivial
Reliability
Reliable
Target: volcengine/verl <= v0.4.0
No auth needed
Prerequisites: Victim must load a malicious .pt file via the vulnerable script
devstral-2 · analyzed Feb 18, 2026 Full analysis →

Scores

CVSS v3 6.5
EPSS 0.0046
EPSS Percentile 36.5%
Attack Vector NETWORK
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N

CISA SSVC

Vulnrichment
Exploitation poc
Automatable yes
Technical Impact total

Details

CWE
CWE-77
Status published
Published Aug 19, 2025
Tracked Since Feb 18, 2026