CVE-2025-52691

CRITICAL KEV NUCLEI

SmarterMail < 100.0.9413 - Unauthenticated Arbitrary File Upload and Remote Code Execution

Title source: llm
STIX 2.1

Exploitation Summary

CVE-2025-52691 is actively exploited and listed in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog, added January 26, 2026. EIP tracks 11 public exploits from researchers including rxerium, watchtowrlabs, DeathShotXD, including a Metasploit module exploits/multi/http/smartermail_guid_file_upload. A Nuclei detection template is also available.

AI-analyzed exploit summary This repository contains a Nuclei template for detecting CVE-2025-52691, an arbitrary file upload vulnerability in SmarterMail. The template checks for vulnerable versions by extracting the build number from the login page and comparing it against the patched version.

Description

Successful exploitation of the vulnerability could allow an unauthenticated attacker to upload arbitrary files to any location on the mail server, potentially enabling remote code execution.

Exploits (11)

nomisec SCANNER 18 stars
by rxerium · poc
https://github.com/rxerium/CVE-2025-52691

This repository contains a Nuclei template for detecting CVE-2025-52691, an arbitrary file upload vulnerability in SmarterMail. The template checks for vulnerable versions by extracting the build number from the login page and comparing it against the patched version.

Classification
Scanner 95%
Attack Type
Info Leak
Complexity
Trivial
Reliability
Reliable
Target: SmarterMail Build 9406 and earlier
No auth needed
Prerequisites: Access to the SmarterMail login page
devstral-2 · analyzed Feb 19, 2026 Full analysis →
nomisec SCANNER 17 stars
by watchtowrlabs · remote
https://github.com/watchtowrlabs/watchTowr-vs-SmarterMail-CVE-2025-52691

This repository contains a Python script that detects CVE-2025-52691, a path traversal vulnerability in SmarterMail leading to unauthenticated RCE. The script attempts to upload a file to a specific directory to verify exploitability but does not execute arbitrary code.

Classification
Scanner 95%
Attack Type
Rce
Complexity
Moderate
Reliability
Reliable
Target: SmarterMail < 9413, <= 16.3.6989.16341
No auth needed
Prerequisites: Network access to the SmarterMail API endpoint
devstral-2 · analyzed Feb 19, 2026 Full analysis →
nomisec WORKING POC 4 stars
by DeathShotXD · poc
https://github.com/DeathShotXD/CVE-2025-52691-APT-PoC

This repository contains a functional exploit for CVE-2025-52691, a critical arbitrary file upload vulnerability in SmarterTools SmarterMail, leading to unauthenticated remote code execution (RCE). The PoC includes stealth features like randomized user agents, obfuscated ASPX web shells, and APT-level capabilities such as persistence and file exfiltration.

Classification
Working Poc 95%
Attack Type
Rce
Complexity
Moderate
Reliability
Reliable
Target: SmarterTools SmarterMail
No auth needed
Prerequisites: Python 3.8+ · requests library · network access to target SmarterMail server
devstral-2 · analyzed Feb 19, 2026 Full analysis →
nomisec WORKING POC 3 stars
by yt2w · remote
https://github.com/yt2w/CVE-2025-52691

This repository contains a functional exploit for CVE-2025-52691, an unauthenticated arbitrary file upload vulnerability in SmarterMail (Build 9406 and earlier). The exploit uploads an ASPX webshell via multiple endpoints and methods, leveraging path traversal to achieve remote code execution.

Classification
Working Poc 95%
Attack Type
Rce
Complexity
Moderate
Reliability
Reliable
Target: SmarterMail (Build 9406 and earlier)
No auth needed
Prerequisites: Network access to the target SmarterMail instance · Vulnerable endpoint exposed
devstral-2 · analyzed Feb 19, 2026 Full analysis →
nomisec WORKING POC 1 stars
by ninjazan420 · remote
https://github.com/ninjazan420/CVE-2025-52691-PoC-SmarterMail-authentication-bypass-exploit-WT-2026-0001

This repository contains a functional exploit for CVE-2025-52691, which combines an authentication bypass (WT-2026-0001) and a pre-auth RCE via file upload in SmarterMail. The exploit automates a 3-phase attack to achieve SYSTEM-level command execution.

Classification
Working Poc 95%
Attack Type
Rce
Complexity
Moderate
Reliability
Reliable
Target: SmarterMail (Build 9406 and earlier, Build 16.3.6989.16341 and earlier)
No auth needed
Prerequisites: Python 3.6+ · Netcat · curl · Target SmarterMail instance with vulnerable build
devstral-2 · analyzed Feb 19, 2026 Full analysis →
nomisec SCANNER 1 stars
by nxgn-kd01 · poc
https://github.com/nxgn-kd01/smartermail-cve-scanner

This repository contains a scanner for CVE-2025-52691, a critical unauthenticated arbitrary file upload vulnerability in SmarterMail. The scanner detects vulnerable versions by probing endpoints and comparing build numbers but does not exploit the vulnerability.

Classification
Scanner 100%
Attack Type
Info Leak
Complexity
Trivial
Reliability
Reliable
Target: SmarterMail Build 9406 and earlier
No auth needed
Prerequisites: Network access to the target SmarterMail server
devstral-2 · analyzed Feb 19, 2026 Full analysis →
nomisec WORKING POC 1 stars
by rimbadirgantara · remote
https://github.com/rimbadirgantara/CVE-2025-52691-poc

This repository contains a functional exploit for CVE-2025-52691, an unauthenticated arbitrary file upload vulnerability in SmarterMail leading to RCE. It includes a scanner (check.py), an exploit tool (pwn.py), and a reusable Python library (exploit.py) for uploading ASPX webshells via path traversal.

Classification
Working Poc 95%
Attack Type
Rce
Complexity
Moderate
Reliability
Reliable
Target: SmarterMail (version not specified)
No auth needed
Prerequisites: Network access to vulnerable SmarterMail instance · Python environment with requests library
devstral-2 · analyzed Feb 19, 2026 Full analysis →
nomisec SCANNER 1 stars
by you-ssef9 · poc
https://github.com/you-ssef9/CVE-2025-52691

This repository contains a Python script that detects vulnerable SmarterMail versions affected by CVE-2025-52691 by checking the build number. It does not exploit the vulnerability but identifies potential targets.

Classification
Scanner 100%
Attack Type
Info Leak
Complexity
Trivial
Reliability
Reliable
Target: SmarterMail Build 9406 and earlier
No auth needed
Prerequisites: Network access to the target SmarterMail instance
devstral-2 · analyzed Feb 19, 2026 Full analysis →
nomisec WORKING POC
by hilwa24 · remote
https://github.com/hilwa24/CVE-2025-52691

The repository contains a functional Python exploit for CVE-2025-52691, an unauthenticated arbitrary file upload vulnerability in SmarterMail (build 9406 and earlier). The exploit automates uploading an ASPX webshell to the target server via multiple endpoints and methods, then verifies and executes commands.

Classification
Working Poc 95%
Attack Type
Rce
Complexity
Moderate
Reliability
Reliable
Target: SmarterTools SmarterMail (Build 9406 and older)
No auth needed
Prerequisites: Network access to the target SmarterMail server · Vulnerable endpoint exposed
devstral-2 · analyzed Feb 19, 2026 Full analysis →
nomisec SCANNER
by mohammadzarnian1357 · poc
https://github.com/mohammadzarnian1357/Ashwesker-CVE-2025-52691

The repository contains a Nuclei template for detecting SmarterMail versions vulnerable to CVE-2025-52691, an unauthenticated arbitrary file upload vulnerability. It checks for the presence of SmarterMail and compares the build version to determine vulnerability status.

Classification
Scanner 95%
Attack Type
Info Leak
Complexity
Trivial
Reliability
Reliable
Target: SmarterTools SmarterMail (Builds ≤ 9406)
No auth needed
Prerequisites: Network access to the SmarterMail interface
devstral-2 · analyzed Feb 19, 2026 Full analysis →
metasploit WORKING POC EXCELLENT
by Piotr Bazydlo, Sina Kheirkhah, jheysel-r7 · rubypocwin
https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework/blob/master/modules/exploits/multi/http/smartermail_guid_file_upload.rb

This Metasploit module exploits a pre-authentication remote code execution vulnerability in SmarterTools SmarterMail by leveraging a directory traversal flaw in the `/api/upload` endpoint to upload a malicious ASPX web shell.

Classification
Working Poc 100%
Attack Type
Rce
Complexity
Moderate
Reliability
Reliable
Target: SmarterTools SmarterMail before version 100.0.9413
No auth needed
Prerequisites: Network access to the target server · SmarterMail service running and accessible
devstral-2 · analyzed Feb 16, 2026 Full analysis →

Nuclei Templates (1)

SmarterMail - Unrestricted File Upload
CRITICALVERIFIEDby DhiyaneshDK,watchTowr
Shodan: html:"SmarterMail"

Scores

CVSS v3 10.0
EPSS 0.8911
EPSS Percentile 99.6%
Attack Vector NETWORK
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

CISA SSVC

Vulnrichment
Exploitation active
Automatable yes
Technical Impact total

Details

CISA KEV 2026-01-26
VulnCheck KEV 2026-01-22
ENISA EUVD EUVD-2025-205544
CWE
CWE-434
Status published
Products (1)
smartertools/smartermail < 100.0.9413
Published Dec 29, 2025
KEV Added Jan 26, 2026
Tracked Since Feb 18, 2026