CVE-2025-55161

HIGH EXPLOITED NUCLEI

Stirling-PDF < 1.1.0 - Server-Side Request Forgery via Markdown to PDF Conversion

Title source: llm
STIX 2.1

Exploitation Summary

CVE-2025-55161 has been observed exploited in the wild (reported by VulnCheck KEV). A Nuclei detection template is also available.

Description

Stirling-PDF is a locally hosted web application that performs various operations on PDF files. Prior to version 1.1.0, when using the /api/v1/convert/markdown/pdf endpoint to convert Markdown to PDF, the backend calls a third-party tool to process it and includes a sanitizer for security sanitization which can be bypassed and result in SSRF. This issue has been patched in version 1.1.0.

Nuclei Templates (1)

Stirling-PDF SSRF via Markdown
HIGHVERIFIEDby beginee
Shodan: http.title:"Stirling PDF"

References (2)

Core 2

Scores

CVSS v3 8.6
EPSS 0.0836
EPSS Percentile 92.5%
Attack Vector NETWORK
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:L

CISA SSVC

Vulnrichment
Exploitation poc
Automatable no
Technical Impact partial

Details

VulnCheck KEV 2025-10-07
CWE
CWE-918
Status published
Products (1)
stirlingpdf/stirling_pdf < 1.1.0
Published Aug 11, 2025
Tracked Since Feb 18, 2026