CVE-2026-44351

CRITICAL

fast-jwt: Empty HMAC secret accepted via async key resolver - JWT auth bypass

Title source: cna
STIX 2.1

Description

fast-jwt provides fast JSON Web Token (JWT) implementation. Prior to 6.2.4, a critical authentication-bypass vulnerability in fast-jwt's async key-resolver flow allows any unauthenticated attacker to forge arbitrary JWTs that are accepted as authentic. When the application's key resolver returns an empty string (''), for example via the common keys[decoded.header.kid] || '' JWKS-style fallback, fast-jwt converts it to a zero-length Buffer, hands it to crypto.createSecretKey, derives allowedAlgorithms = ['HS256','HS384','HS512'] from it, and then verifies the token's signature against an empty-key HMAC. The attacker simply computes HMAC-SHA256(key='', input='${header}.${payload}'), which Node accepts without complaint — and the verifier returns the attacker-chosen payload (sub, admin, scopes, etc.) as authentic. This vulnerability is fixed in 6.2.4.

References (1)

Core 1
Core References

Scores

CVSS v3 9.1
EPSS 0.0001
EPSS Percentile 3.6%
Attack Vector NETWORK
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

CISA SSVC

Vulnrichment
Exploitation none
Automatable yes
Technical Impact total

Details

CWE
CWE-1391 CWE-287 CWE-326
Status published
Products (2)
nearform/fast-jwt < 6.2.4
npm/fast-jwt 0 - 6.2.4npm
Published May 13, 2026
Tracked Since May 14, 2026