CVE-2026-44577

MEDIUM LAB

Next.js: Denial of Service in the Image Optimization API

Title source: cna
STIX 2.1

Exploitation Summary

EIP tracks 2 public exploits for CVE-2026-44577. PoCs published by dwisiswant0, XZ1r0.

AI-analyzed exploit summary This repository contains functional proof-of-concept exploits for multiple CVEs in Next.js v16.2.4, including SSRF, XSS, and DoS vulnerabilities. The PoCs are well-documented with detailed write-ups, vulnerable code excerpts, and runnable exploit scripts.

Description

Next.js is a React framework for building full-stack web applications. From 10.0.0 to before 15.5.16 and 16.2.5, when self-hosting Next.js with the default image loader, the Image Optimization API fetches local images entirely into memory without enforcing a maximum size limit. An attacker could cause out-of-memory conditions by requesting large local assets from the /_next/image endpoint that match the images.localPatterns configuration (by default, all patterns are allowed). This vulnerability is fixed in 15.5.16 and 16.2.5.

Exploits (2)

github WORKING POC 127 stars
by dwisiswant0 · pythonpoc
https://github.com/dwisiswant0/next-16.2.4-pocs

This repository contains functional proof-of-concept exploits for multiple CVEs in Next.js v16.2.4, including SSRF, XSS, and DoS vulnerabilities. The PoCs are well-documented with detailed write-ups, vulnerable code excerpts, and runnable exploit scripts.

Classification
Working Poc 95%
Attack Type
Ssrf | Xss | Dos | Auth Bypass
Complexity
Moderate
Reliability
Reliable
Target: Next.js v16.2.4
No auth needed
Prerequisites: Vulnerable Next.js v16.2.4 installation · Network access to the target
devstral-2 · analyzed May 13, 2026 Full analysis →
github WORKING POC
by XZ1r0 · pythonpoc
https://github.com/XZ1r0/cve-2026-poc-collection/tree/main/other/next-16.2.4-pocs/poc/CVE-2026-44577_GHSA-h64f-5h5j-jqjh

This repository contains a functional exploit PoC for CVE-2026-44577, targeting a DoS vulnerability in Next.js versions < 16.2.5 via the `/_next/image` endpoint. The exploit demonstrates OOM (Out of Memory) by sending crafted requests with oversized image assets, leveraging a mock harness and real-world attack vectors.

Classification
Working Poc 100%
Attack Type
Dos
Complexity
Moderate
Reliability
Reliable
Target: Next.js < 16.2.5
No auth needed
Prerequisites: A vulnerable Next.js deployment or mock harness · Ability to send HTTP requests to the `/_next/image` endpoint
devstral-2 · analyzed May 21, 2026 Full analysis →

References (1)

Core 1
Core References

Scores

CVSS v3 5.9
EPSS 0.0002
EPSS Percentile 5.1%
Attack Vector NETWORK
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

CISA SSVC

Vulnrichment
Exploitation none
Automatable no
Technical Impact partial

Details

CWE
CWE-770
Status published
Products (5)
npm/next 10.0.0 - 15.5.16npm
npm/next 16.0.0 - 16.2.5npm
vercel/next.js 10.0.0 - 15.5.16
vercel/next.js >= 10.0.0, < 15.5.16
vercel/next.js >= 16.0.0, < 16.2.5
Published May 13, 2026
Tracked Since May 13, 2026