CVE-2026-45091

CRITICAL

sealed-env: TOTP secret embedded in unseal token payload (enterprise mode)

Title source: cna
STIX 2.1

Exploitation Summary

EIP tracks 1 public exploit for CVE-2026-45091. PoCs published by HORKimhab.

AI-analyzed exploit summary This repository contains a functional proof-of-concept exploit for CVE-2026-45091, which extracts TOTP secrets from JWT tokens used in the 'sealed-env' project. The exploit includes both a Bash script and a Node.js script to decode and parse the token payload to retrieve the TOTP secret.

Description

sealed-env is a cross-stack, zero-trust secret management library for Node.js and Java/Spring Boot. In sealed-env enterprise mode, versions 0.1.0-alpha.1 through 0.1.0-alpha.3 embedded the operator's literal TOTP secret in the JWS payload of every minted unseal token. JWS payload is base64-encoded JSON, NOT encrypted. Any party who could observe a minted token (CI build logs, container env dumps, kubectl describe pod, Sentry/Rollbar stack traces, log aggregators) could decode the payload and extract the TOTP secret in plaintext. This vulnerability is fixed in 0.1.0-alpha.4.

Exploits (1)

nomisec WORKING POC
by HORKimhab · poc
https://github.com/HORKimhab/CVE-2026-45091

This repository contains a functional proof-of-concept exploit for CVE-2026-45091, which extracts TOTP secrets from JWT tokens used in the 'sealed-env' project. The exploit includes both a Bash script and a Node.js script to decode and parse the token payload to retrieve the TOTP secret.

Classification
Working Poc 95%
Attack Type
Info Leak
Complexity
Trivial
Reliability
Reliable
Target: sealed-env (version not specified)
Auth required
Prerequisites: valid JWT token with embedded TOTP secret
devstral-2 · analyzed May 16, 2026 Full analysis →

References (1)

Core 1
Core References

Scores

CVSS v3 9.1
EPSS 0.0001
EPSS Percentile 2.9%
Attack Vector NETWORK
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

CISA SSVC

Vulnrichment
Exploitation none
Automatable yes
Technical Impact total

Details

CWE
CWE-200 CWE-522
Status published
Products (3)
davidalmeidac/sealed-env < 0.1.0-alpha.4
io.github.davidalmeidac/sealed-env-core 0 - 0.1.0-alpha.4Maven
npm/sealed-env 0 - 0.1.0-alpha.4npm
Published May 12, 2026
Tracked Since May 12, 2026