CVE-2026-56444

MEDIUM

Degradation of resolution service when 'discard-timeout' and 'serve-expired-client-timeout' are combined in unusual configuration

Title source: cna
STIX 2.1

Description

In NLnet Labs Unbound 1.20.0 up to and including 1.25.1, when Unbound is configured with 'serve-expired: yes' and 'serve-expired-client-timeout > discard-timeout > 0' (contrary to the suggested values), the discard-timeout branch during the serve expired logic drops an aged client reply without performing the correct accounting for the number of reply addresses for the query. Other identical branches outside of serve expired perform the correct decrement. Since the counter is never decremented in such scenario, it can reach the maximum limit and new clients for duplicate in-flight queries are silently dropped resulting in degradation of resolution service. A malicious actor can exploit the vulnerability by querying the resolver for a client-controlled slow-on-demand authoritative zone that can drive the counter past the threshold. Shipped defaults for 'serve-expired-client-timeout: 1800' and 'discard-timeout: 1900' make the branch unreachable.

References (1)

Core 1
Core References

Scores

CVSS v3 5.9
EPSS 0.0024
EPSS Percentile 14.9%
Attack Vector NETWORK
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

CISA SSVC

Vulnrichment
Exploitation none
Automatable yes
Technical Impact partial

Details

CWE
CWE-772
Status published
Products (2)
NLnet Labs/Unbound 1.20.0 - 1.25.2
nlnetlabs/unbound 1.20.0 - 1.25.2
Published Jul 22, 2026
Tracked Since Jul 22, 2026