Writeup Exploits
64,810 exploits tracked across all sources.
CPython < 3.9.24, 3.10.0-3.10.18, 3.11.0-3.11.13, 3.12.0-3.12.11, 3.13.0-3.13.5, 3.14.0a1-3.14.0b2 - DoS via HTML Parser
The html.parser.HTMLParser class had worse-case quadratic complexity when processing certain crafted malformed inputs potentially leading to amplified denial-of-service.
CVSS 4.3
os.path.expandvars - Info Disclosure
If the value passed to os.path.expandvars() is user-controlled a
performance degradation is possible when expanding environment
variables.
CVSS 5.5
NOAA Live Access Server - Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution via PyFerret SPAWN Command
Sites running NOAA PMEL Live Access Server (LAS) are vulnerable to remote code execution via specially crafted requests that include PyFerret expressions. By leveraging a SPAWN command, a remote, unauthenticated attacker can execute arbitrary OS commands. Fixed in a version of 'gov.noaa.pmel.tmap.las.filter.RequestInputFilter.java' from 2025-09-24.
CVSS 9.8
NOAA Live Access Server - Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution via PyFerret SPAWN Command
Sites running NOAA PMEL Live Access Server (LAS) are vulnerable to remote code execution via specially crafted requests that include PyFerret expressions. By leveraging a SPAWN command, a remote, unauthenticated attacker can execute arbitrary OS commands. Fixed in a version of 'gov.noaa.pmel.tmap.las.filter.RequestInputFilter.java' from 2025-09-24.
CVSS 9.8
ESP-IDF 5.1-5.5 - Denial of Service via Invalid Access Address in Advertising Mode
ESF-IDF is the Espressif Internet of Things (IOT) Development Framework. When the ESP32 is in advertising mode, if it receives a connection request containing an invalid Access Address (AA) of 0x00000000 or 0xFFFFFFFF, advertising may stop unexpectedly. In this case, the controller may incorrectly report a connection event to the host, which can cause the application layer to assume that the device has successfully established a connection. This issue has been fixed in versions 5.5.2, 5.4.3, 5.3.5, 5.2.6, and 5.1.7. At time of publication versions 5.5.2, 5.3.5, and 5.1.7 have not been released but are fixed respectively in commits 3b95b50, e3d7042, and 75967b5.
Espressif IOT Dev Framework <5.5.1-5.2.6 - Memory Corruption
ESF-IDF is the Espressif Internet of Things (IOT) Development Framework. In 5.5.1, 5.4.3, 5.3.4, 5.2.6, 5.1.6, and earlier, when AVRCP is enabled on ESP32, receiving a malformed VENDOR DEPENDENT command from a peer device can cause the Bluetooth stack to access memory before validating the command buffer length. This may lead to an out-of-bounds read, potentially exposing unintended memory content or causing unexpected behavior.
CVSS 9.1
Openssl < 1.0.2zn - Out-of-Bounds Write
Issue summary: Writing large, newline-free data into a BIO chain using the
line-buffering filter where the next BIO performs short writes can trigger
a heap-based out-of-bounds write.
Impact summary: This out-of-bounds write can cause memory corruption which
typically results in a crash, leading to Denial of Service for an application.
The line-buffering BIO filter (BIO_f_linebuffer) is not used by default in
TLS/SSL data paths. In OpenSSL command-line applications, it is typically
only pushed onto stdout/stderr on VMS systems. Third-party applications that
explicitly use this filter with a BIO chain that can short-write and that
write large, newline-free data influenced by an attacker would be affected.
However, the circumstances where this could happen are unlikely to be under
attacker control, and BIO_f_linebuffer is unlikely to be handling non-curated
data controlled by an attacker. For that reason the issue was assessed as
Low severity.
The FIPS modules in 3.6, 3.5, 3.4, 3.3 and 3.0 are not affected by this issue,
as the BIO implementation is outside the OpenSSL FIPS module boundary.
OpenSSL 3.6, 3.5, 3.4, 3.3, 3.0, 1.1.1 and 1.0.2 are vulnerable to this issue.
CVSS 4.7
ESP-IDF 5.5.1, 5.4.3, 5.3.4, 5.2.6, 5.1.6 and earlier - Out-of-bounds Write in Bluetooth Host Stack SDP UUID Handling
ESF-IDF is the Espressif Internet of Things (IOT) Development Framework. In versions 5.5.1, 5.4.3, 5.3.4, 5.2.6, 5.1.6, and earlier, in the ESP-IDF Bluetooth host stack (BlueDroid), the function bta_dm_sdp_result() used a fixed-size array uuid_list[32][MAX_UUID_SIZE] to store discovered service UUIDs during the SDP (Service Discovery Protocol) process. On modern Bluetooth devices, it is possible for the number of available services to exceed this fixed limit (32). In such cases, if more than 32 services are discovered, subsequent writes to uuid_list could exceed the bounds of the array, resulting in a potential out-of-bounds write condition.
CVSS 8.6
ESP-IDF <= 5.5.1 - Out-of-bounds Write in BlueDroid AVRCP avrc_vendor_msg
ESF-IDF is the Espressif Internet of Things (IOT) Development Framework. In versions 5.5.1, 5.4.3, 5.3.4, 5.2.6, 5.1.6, and earlier, in the avrc_vendor_msg() function of the ESP-IDF BlueDroid AVRCP stack, the allocated buffer size was validated using AVRC_MIN_CMD_LEN (20 bytes). However, the actual fixed header data written before the vendor payload exceeds this value. This totals 29 bytes written before p_msg->p_vendor_data is copied. Using the old AVRC_MIN_CMD_LEN could allow an out-of-bounds write if vendor_len approaches the buffer limit. For commands where vendor_len is large, the original buffer allocation may be insufficient, causing writes beyond the allocated memory. This can lead to memory corruption, crashes, or other undefined behavior. The overflow could be larger when assertions are disabled.
CVSS 7.6
OpenSSL 1.1.1-1.1.1zd, 3.0.0-3.0.18, 3.3.0-3.3.5, 3.4.0-3.4.3, 3.5.0-3.5.4, 3.6.0 - OCB API Missing Cryptographic Step
Issue summary: When using the low-level OCB API directly with AES-NI or<br>other hardware-accelerated code paths, inputs whose length is not a multiple<br>of 16 bytes can leave the final partial block unencrypted and unauthenticated.<br><br>Impact summary: The trailing 1-15 bytes of a message may be exposed in<br>cleartext on encryption and are not covered by the authentication tag,<br>allowing an attacker to read or tamper with those bytes without detection.<br><br>The low-level OCB encrypt and decrypt routines in the hardware-accelerated<br>stream path process full 16-byte blocks but do not advance the input/output<br>pointers. The subsequent tail-handling code then operates on the original<br>base pointers, effectively reprocessing the beginning of the buffer while<br>leaving the actual trailing bytes unprocessed. The authentication checksum<br>also excludes the true tail bytes.<br><br>However, typical OpenSSL consumers using EVP are not affected because the<br>higher-level EVP and provider OCB implementations split inputs so that full<br>blocks and trailing partial blocks are processed in separate calls, avoiding<br>the problematic code path. Additionally, TLS does not use OCB ciphersuites.<br>The vulnerability only affects applications that call the low-level<br>CRYPTO_ocb128_encrypt() or CRYPTO_ocb128_decrypt() functions directly with<br>non-block-aligned lengths in a single call on hardware-accelerated builds.<br>For these reasons the issue was assessed as Low severity.<br><br>The FIPS modules in 3.6, 3.5, 3.4, 3.3, 3.2, 3.1 and 3.0 are not affected<br>by this issue, as OCB mode is not a FIPS-approved algorithm.<br><br>OpenSSL 3.6, 3.5, 3.4, 3.3, 3.0 and 1.1.1 are vulnerable to this issue.<br><br>OpenSSL 1.0.2 is not affected by this issue.
CVSS 4.0
OpenSSL 1.1.1-1.1.1zd, 3.0.0-3.0.18, 3.3.0-3.3.5, 3.4.0-3.4.3, 3.5.0-3.5.4, 3.6.0 - Out-of-bounds Write
Issue summary: Calling PKCS12_get_friendlyname() function on a maliciously
crafted PKCS#12 file with a BMPString (UTF-16BE) friendly name containing
non-ASCII BMP code point can trigger a one byte write before the allocated
buffer.
Impact summary: The out-of-bounds write can cause a memory corruption
which can have various consequences including a Denial of Service.
The OPENSSL_uni2utf8() function performs a two-pass conversion of a PKCS#12
BMPString (UTF-16BE) to UTF-8. In the second pass, when emitting UTF-8 bytes,
the helper function bmp_to_utf8() incorrectly forwards the remaining UTF-16
source byte count as the destination buffer capacity to UTF8_putc(). For BMP
code points above U+07FF, UTF-8 requires three bytes, but the forwarded
capacity can be just two bytes. UTF8_putc() then returns -1, and this negative
value is added to the output length without validation, causing the
length to become negative. The subsequent trailing NUL byte is then written
at a negative offset, causing write outside of heap allocated buffer.
The vulnerability is reachable via the public PKCS12_get_friendlyname() API
when parsing attacker-controlled PKCS#12 files. While PKCS12_parse() uses a
different code path that avoids this issue, PKCS12_get_friendlyname() directly
invokes the vulnerable function. Exploitation requires an attacker to provide
a malicious PKCS#12 file to be parsed by the application and the attacker
can just trigger a one zero byte write before the allocated buffer.
For that reason the issue was assessed as Low severity according to our
Security Policy.
The FIPS modules in 3.6, 3.5, 3.4, 3.3 and 3.0 are not affected by this issue,
as the PKCS#12 implementation is outside the OpenSSL FIPS module boundary.
OpenSSL 3.6, 3.5, 3.4, 3.3, 3.0 and 1.1.1 are vulnerable to this issue.
OpenSSL 1.0.2 is not affected by this issue.
CVSS 7.4
OpenSSL 1.1.1-1.1.1zd, 3.0.0-3.0.18, 3.3.0-3.3.5, 3.4.0-3.4.3, 3.5.0-3.5.4, 3.6.0 - DoS via Malformed TSR
Issue summary: A type confusion vulnerability exists in the TimeStamp Response
verification code where an ASN1_TYPE union member is accessed without first
validating the type, causing an invalid or NULL pointer dereference when
processing a malformed TimeStamp Response file.
Impact summary: An application calling TS_RESP_verify_response() with a
malformed TimeStamp Response can be caused to dereference an invalid or
NULL pointer when reading, resulting in a Denial of Service.
The functions ossl_ess_get_signing_cert() and ossl_ess_get_signing_cert_v2()
access the signing cert attribute value without validating its type.
When the type is not V_ASN1_SEQUENCE, this results in accessing invalid memory
through the ASN1_TYPE union, causing a crash.
Exploiting this vulnerability requires an attacker to provide a malformed
TimeStamp Response to an application that verifies timestamp responses. The
TimeStamp protocol (RFC 3161) is not widely used and the impact of the
exploit is just a Denial of Service. For these reasons the issue was
assessed as Low severity.
The FIPS modules in 3.5, 3.4, 3.3 and 3.0 are not affected by this issue,
as the TimeStamp Response implementation is outside the OpenSSL FIPS module
boundary.
OpenSSL 3.6, 3.5, 3.4, 3.3, 3.0 and 1.1.1 are vulnerable to this issue.
OpenSSL 1.0.2 is not affected by this issue.
CVSS 7.5
OpenSSL 1.0.2-1.0.2z, 1.1.1-1.1.1zd, 3.0.0-3.0.18, 3.3.0-3.3.5, 3.4.0-3.4.3, 3.5.0-3.5.4, 3.6.0 - DoS via PKCS#12
Issue summary: Processing a malformed PKCS#12 file can trigger a NULL pointer
dereference in the PKCS12_item_decrypt_d2i_ex() function.
Impact summary: A NULL pointer dereference can trigger a crash which leads to
Denial of Service for an application processing PKCS#12 files.
The PKCS12_item_decrypt_d2i_ex() function does not check whether the oct
parameter is NULL before dereferencing it. When called from
PKCS12_unpack_p7encdata() with a malformed PKCS#12 file, this parameter can
be NULL, causing a crash. The vulnerability is limited to Denial of Service
and cannot be escalated to achieve code execution or memory disclosure.
Exploiting this issue requires an attacker to provide a malformed PKCS#12 file
to an application that processes it. For that reason the issue was assessed as
Low severity according to our Security Policy.
The FIPS modules in 3.6, 3.5, 3.4, 3.3 and 3.0 are not affected by this issue,
as the PKCS#12 implementation is outside the OpenSSL FIPS module boundary.
OpenSSL 3.6, 3.5, 3.4, 3.3, 3.0, 1.1.1 and 1.0.2 are vulnerable to this issue.
CVSS 7.5
CPython TarFile Extraction Infinite Loop Vulnerability
There is a defect in the CPython “tarfile” module affecting the “TarFile” extraction and entry enumeration APIs. The tar implementation would process tar archives with negative offsets without error, resulting in an infinite loop and deadlock during the parsing of maliciously crafted tar archives.
This vulnerability can be mitigated by including the following patch after importing the “tarfile” module: https://gist.github.com/sethmlarson/1716ac5b82b73dbcbf23ad2eff8b33e1
CVSS 7.5
CPython <3.9.24, 3.10.0-3.10.18, 3.11.0-3.11.13, 3.12.0-3.12.11, 3.13.0-3.13.9, 3.14.0 - ZIP64 EOCD Validation Bypass
The 'zipfile' module would not check the validity of the ZIP64 End of
Central Directory (EOCD) Locator record offset value would not be used to
locate the ZIP64 EOCD record, instead the ZIP64 EOCD record would be
assumed to be the previous record in the ZIP archive. This could be abused
to create ZIP archives that are handled differently by the 'zipfile' module
compared to other ZIP implementations.
Remediation maintains this behavior, but checks that the offset specified
in the ZIP64 EOCD Locator record matches the expected value.
CVSS 4.3
CPython HTTP Header Injection via http.cookies.Morsel
When using http.cookies.Morsel, user-controlled cookie values and parameters can allow injecting HTTP headers into messages. Patch rejects all control characters within cookie names, values, and parameters.
Python CPython - HTTP Header Injection
User-controlled header names and values containing newlines can allow injecting HTTP headers.
CPython email module - CRLF Injection in BytesGenerator Header Serialization
The
email module, specifically the "BytesGenerator" class, didn’t properly quote newlines for email headers when
serializing an email message allowing for header injection when an email
is serialized. This is only applicable if using "LiteralHeader" writing headers that don't respect email folding rules, the new behavior will reject the incorrectly folded headers in "BytesGenerator".
Suricata < 7.0.14 - Stack-based Buffer Overflow via Dataset Save
Suricata is a network IDS, IPS and NSM engine. While saving a dataset a stack buffer is used to prepare the data. Prior to versions 8.0.3 and 7.0.14, if the data in the dataset is too large, this can result in a stack overflow. Versions 8.0.3 and 7.0.14 contain a patch. As a workaround, do not use rules with datasets `save` nor `state` options.
CVSS 5.9
ESF-IDF <5.5.2-5.1.6 - Use After Free
ESF-IDF is the Espressif Internet of Things (IOT) Development Framework. In versions 5.5.2, 5.4.3, 5.3.4, 5.2.6, and 5.1.6, a use-after-free vulnerability was reported in the BLE provisioning transport (protocomm_ble) layer. The issue can be triggered by a remote BLE client while the device is in provisioning mode. The vulnerability occurred when provisioning was stopped with keep_ble_on = true. In this configuration, internal protocomm_ble state and GATT metadata were freed while the BLE stack and GATT services remained active. Subsequent BLE read or write callbacks dereferenced freed memory, allowing a connected or newly connected client to trigger invalid memory acces. This issue has been patched in versions 5.5.3, 5.4.4, 5.3.5, 5.2.7, and 5.1.7.
CVSS 6.3
Espressif IOT Dev Framework <5.5.2-5.1.6 - Buffer Overflow
ESF-IDF is the Espressif Internet of Things (IOT) Development Framework. In versions 5.5.2, 5.4.3, 5.3.4, 5.2.6, and 5.1.6, an out-of-bounds read vulnerability was reported in the BLE ATT Prepare Write handling of the BLE provisioning transport (protocomm_ble). The issue can be triggered by a remote BLE client while the device is in provisioning mode. The transport accumulated prepared-write fragments in a fixed-size buffer but incorrectly tracked the cumulative length. By sending repeated prepare write requests with overlapping offsets, a remote client could cause the reported length to exceed the allocated buffer size. This inflated length was then passed to provisioning handlers during execute-write processing, resulting in an out-of-bounds read and potential memory corruption. This issue has been patched in versions 5.5.3, 5.4.4, 5.3.5, 5.2.7, and 5.1.7.
CVSS 6.3
ESP-IDF 5.1.6-5.5.2 - Integer Underflow via Malformed EAP-WSC Packet
ESF-IDF is the Espressif Internet of Things (IOT) Development Framework. In versions 5.5.2, 5.4.3, 5.3.4, 5.2.6, and 5.1.6, a vulnerability exists in the WPS (Wi-Fi Protected Setup) Enrollee implementation where malformed EAP-WSC packets with truncated payloads can cause integer underflow during fragment length calculation. When processing EAP-Expanded (WSC) messages, the code computes frag_len by subtracting header sizes from the total packet length. If an attacker sends a packet where the EAP Length field covers only the header and flags but omits the expected payload (such as the 2-byte Message Length field when WPS_MSG_FLAG_LEN is set), frag_len becomes negative. This negative value is then implicitly cast to size_t when passed to wpabuf_put_data(), resulting in a very large unsigned value. This issue has been patched in versions 5.5.3, 5.4.4, 5.3.5, 5.2.7, and 5.1.7.
CVSS 6.3
Spree < 5.0.8 - Unauthenticated Order Information Disclosure via Order ID
Spree is an open source e-commerce solution built with Ruby on Rails. Prior to versions 5.0.8, 5.1.10, 5.2.7, and 5.3.2, unauthenticated users can view completed guest orders by Order ID. This issue may lead to disclosure of PII of guest users (including names, addresses and phone numbers). This issue has been patched in versions 5.0.8, 5.1.10, 5.2.7, and 5.3.2.
CVSS 5.3
Spree < 4.10.3 - Unauthenticated Insecure Direct Object Reference in Guest Checkout Address Binding
Spree is an open source e-commerce solution built with Ruby on Rails. A critical IDOR vulnerability exists in Spree Commerce's guest checkout flow that allows any guest user to bind arbitrary guest addresses to their order by manipulating address ID parameters. This enables unauthorized access to other guests' personally identifiable information (PII) including names, addresses and phone numbers. The vulnerability bypasses existing ownership validation checks and affects all guest checkout transactions. This vulnerability is fixed in 4.10.3, 5.0.8, 5.1.10, 5.2.7, and 5.3.2.
CVSS 7.5
FreeRDP < 3.23.0 - Use-After-Free in xf_SetWindowMinMaxInfo
FreeRDP is a free implementation of the Remote Desktop Protocol. Prior to version 3.23.0, `xf_SetWindowMinMaxInfo` dereferences a freed `xfAppWindow` pointer because `xf_rail_get_window` in `xf_rail_server_min_max_info` returns an unprotected pointer from the `railWindows` hash table, and the main thread can concurrently delete the window (via a window delete order) while the RAIL channel thread is still using the pointer. Version 3.23.0 fixes the issue.
CVSS 9.8
By Source